This informative fact sheet provides a definition of Advance Market Commitments as a potential financing mechanism for bringing new vaccines to the developing world and also outlines World Health Organization's position on the mechanism.

(Please note that this module has not been updated since 2009 and some links within the module may no longer be working.) The Advanced Immunization Management e-Learning tool is designed to provide comprehensive information to support immunization …

(Please note that these modules have not been updated since 2009 and some links within the modules may no longer be working.) Developed by PATH and Stanford University and now housed on the World Heath Organization's website, the Advanced …

This report discusses the work of PATH's Children's Vaccine Program and the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh to build a model immunization program, including the incorporation of hepatitis B vaccine into the childhood vaccination program.

This 32-page paper helps to frame the questions program managers should ask themselves when considering new vaccine introduction, such as whether immunization is the best strategy to combat the disease, how the vaccine will be funded, and …

This report summarizes the objectives of PATH's now-inactive Children's Vaccine Program, highlighting the program's earlier activities in several countries in Africa and Asia aimed at increasing access to livesaving vaccines.

This report estimates the burden and costs of pneumococcal disease in Latin America and the Caribbean in order to inform national health authorities about disease burden and the economic value of implementing a pneumococcal …

This article, published in The Lancet, argues that there is a moral imperative to make vaccines widely available on an equitable basis. The authors lay out a call to action for the new decade of vaccines, which embraces four key elements. …

This report discusses the work of PATH's Children's Vaccine Program and the Australian International Health Institute of the University of Melbourne to provide technical assistance with immunization programming to Cambodia, including the …

This article, published in Vaccine, discusses the challenges of achieving control of meningococcal disease in low- and middle-income countries. The authors argue that in low-income countries the main challenge is a lack of sufficient epidemiological …

Partners in Health for Reform Plus, in collaboration with WHO and the Morrocan Ministry of Health, conducted an in-depth study of the costs and financing of immunization, and their report offers options in the areas of program planning, management, …

This study estimates the current and future costs of Ghana's immunization program, including the additional costs proposed for improvements to the program, both to assist planning and to inform the international community about global immunization …

The authors of this article, published in PLoS ONE, applied cost-effectiveness modeling and a cold-chain impact assessment to aid decision-making on rotavirus vaccine introduction in Kenya. They conclude that use of either vaccine is cost-effective, …

This report from the WHO's Weekly Epidemiologic Record summarizes a meeting convened by PATH, WHO, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on the economic burden of rotavirus disease and cost-effectiveness of vaccines. The …

This paper summarizes the results of a WHO/UNICEF study on the potential impact of immunization over the next decade and the financing required for immunization activities in the 72 poorest countries of the world.

Published in the Journal of Pharmaceutical Finance, Economics & Policy, this article evaluates the potential use of vaccines against Japanese encephalitis (JE) and estimates the cost-effectiveness of mass vaccination campaigns and routine …

This review, published in Vaccine, documents the available evidence showing that vaccination in low- and middle-income countries brings important economic benefits. The cost-effectiveness studies reviewed suggest to policy makers that vaccines are …

This study, published in the journal Pediatrics, examines the costs and benefits of routine rotavirus vaccination for infants in the US, using a hypothetical cohort of unvaccinated infants. Researchers determined that, at current prices, …

This paper, published in the journal Vaccine, investigates whether routine infant immunization with either currently licensed rotavirus vaccine could be cost-effective in Taiwan. The authors modeled specific disease outcomes …

This article, published in the journal Pediatrics, discusses a study to evaluate and compare the projected health and economic impact of meningococcal conjugate A/C/Y/W-135 (MCV-4) vaccination of adolescents, toddlers, and infants in the United …

This study, published in BMC Infectious Diseases, developed a model to compare the cost and disease burden of rotavirus in unvaccinated children in Mexico. The study determined that it would be highly cost-effective to include rotavirus vaccine …

This fact sheet summarizes methods and results of cost-effectiveness analyses performed by PATH and its partners to determine the economic implications of introducing JE vaccine programs. The fact sheet is an excerpt from a larger, comprehensive …

This article, published in Vaccine, evaluates the cost-effectiveness of introducing infant rotavirus vaccination in Armenia in 2012 using Rotarix(R)® using a multiple birth cohort model. The model considered the cost and health implications of …

From the Bulletin of the World Health Organization, this article investigates the cost-effectiveness of JE immunization in China and demonstrates that a JE immunization program can be a cost-saving intervention for countries.

Epidemic meningococcal meningitis remains a serious health threat in the African meningitis belt. New meningococcal conjugate vaccines are relatively costly and their efficiency will depend on cost savings realized from no longer having to respond …