The April 2005 issue of Directions in Global Health features five PATH projects: efforts to improve health among migrant communities in China, Thailand, and Cambodia; the Global Campaign for Microbicides, PATH's Woman's Condom, procurement of safe-injection supplies under the PEPFAR program, and the Rotavirus Vaccine Program.

Author: PATH

Publication date: April 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This document is the first annual report to donors on PATH's use of flexible funding (the "Catalyst Fund") and includes highlights of our work to pursue state-of-the-art diagnostic tools for low-resource settings, strengthen avian influenza prevention in countries at high risk of epidemics, and move forward with a fortified rice premix that is being adopted in several countries in Asia.

Publication date: October 2007

Region: Global

Part of series: Reports to contributors

This document assesses the correspondence between retinol and retinol-binding protein (RBP), as well as the stability of RBP subjected to varying temperature conditions over time, the effect of light, and the feasibility of using dried blood spots. The assessment is part of a larger project examining the use of the RBP enzyme immunoassay (RBP-EIA) to test for vitamin A deficiency.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

This booklet documents the early steps and achievements in the process of implementing the reformed abortion law in Nepal, highlighting the roles and activities of the many stakeholders involved. A range of issues and initiatives are covered, related to the establishment of services, training of staff, monitoring of services, legal points, advocacy and information dissemination, and behavior change communication.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Asia

This issue of Directions in Global Health features PATH’s work to optimize vaccine supply systems, advance development of malaria vaccine candidates, prevent postpartum hemorrhage to save mothers’ lives, address health needs in Tanzania, and use monitoring and evaluation systems to further PATH’s mission. It also highlights two prestigious awards that PATH recently received.

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This paper was commissioned as an introductory landscape analysis for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. The paper builds on other recent landscape analysis work in the fields of HIV prevention technologies, therapeutics, and diagnostics and is intended to serve as a resource on the current status of research and development for biomedical and other technological interventions to prevent, treat, and diagnose HIV/AIDS.

Author: Alcorn K

Publication date: October 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza are occurring in domestic fowl in many countries, posing a considerable human public health risk. The guidelines outlined in this report are the first attempt to provide comprehensive recommendations to help Georgian health workers promptly identify, report, confirm, and classify potential cases of avian influenza in humans; analyze data; investigate and respond to cases and outbreaks; and improve other aspects of an early warning system for humans. They are most appropriate for the current stage of pandemic preparedness (phases 3 to 4 of the World Health Organization [WHO] Pandemic Alert Period) and designed primarily for health personnel working at rayon and regional public health centers. In addition to general recommendations for the human avian influenza surveillance system as a whole, the guidelines include specific sections devoted to communication with the public as well as infection control in health facilities.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

The September 2004 issue of PATH's programmatic newsletter focuses on five projects: PATH's Children's Vaccine Program, which is strengthening immunization in Senegal, Cambodia, and India; evaluation of the SolarChill refrigerator, which is using solar power to fuel the cold chain; our cervical cancer work in Kenya and Peru, as part of the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention; the Program for Advancement of Commercial Technology–Child and Reproductive Health (PACT-CRH), which is transferring health technologies to India's private sector; and results from three evaluations of clean home delivery kits used in Nepal and Tanzania.

Author: PATH

Publication date: September 2004

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

Publication date:

This series describes the serious risk of freezing vaccines and provides tools to reduce freezing in the cold chain. The materials contain current WHO-recommended freeze-prevention strategies targeted toward all levels of storage and transport of vaccines.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This article, from the October 2001 issue of Immunization Focus, describes one nongovernmental organization's experience of training with partners in countries. The article also includes examples of training initiatives developed by PATH's Children's Vaccine Program.

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

This manual assists programs in training staff for the introduction of the nevirapine infant-dose pouch into programs for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). It is intended for adaptation based on individual program needs.

Author: Berman A; Brooke S

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This document is part of a series that describes the serious risk of freezing vaccines and provides tools to reduce freezing in the cold chain. The materials contain current WHO-recommended freeze-prevention strategies targeted toward all levels of storage and transport of vaccines.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Author: Aquino C; D'Agnes L; Castro J; Borromeo M; Schmidt K; Gill K

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This poster presentation illustrates a survey administered by PATH in 2005, in order to identify the knowledge, attitudes and practices among 517 providers (ob/gyns, gynecologists, and midwives) working in a total of 16 health care facilities in southern Ukraine.This poster was presented at the XVI AIDS conference in Toronto, August 13-18, 2006.

Author: Mogilevkina I; Kramer C; Winkler J; Bishop A; Stekhin K

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

Qualitative research study to gather detailed information about how the clean home delivery kit helps various types of birth attendants and/or cord-cutters in Nepal to maintain the principles of clean delivery. The main objective of this study was to understand the context of kit use and non-use by women for their own deliveries and by women assisting them during delivery.

Author: Beun M; Wood S

Publication date: 2002

Region: Asia

PATH, in close partnership with Vietnam's National Expanded Program on Immunization (NEPI), has worked to increase the quality, safety, and efficiency of immunization services through the Iris Project. This fact sheet describes the project's process of testing province-wide systems improvements, identifying best practices, and encouraging other provinces to adopt the improvements. Work included updating and improving policies, training staff, and increasing community knowledge and demand for vaccination, particularly through technical updates, training of trainers, an introduction to supportive supervision, an out-of-the-cold-chain study, and an injection safety project with needle removers.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

This report summarizes the results of a formative assessment conducted with Kenyan and Ugandan youth 12 to 15 years of age on their behavior, knowledge, opinions, social experiences, and information sources regarding sexuality and HIV. The report also offers recommendations for refining program activities and developing appropriate messages and educational materials. The report was produced by PATH and the Kenya and Uganda Scouts Associations as part of the Scouting for Solutions project.

Author: Winkler J; Wood S

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on vaccine stabilization, including the development of a method to protect vaccines containing an aluminum adjuvant from freeze damage, the identification of a technology to improve the heat stability of certain vaccines, and the improvement of vaccine stability through reformulation involving glass-forming sugars plus other excipients and processing via spray drying.

Publication date: May 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This document is the second in a series of periodic policy and practice updates about work undertaken by PATH on the convergence of HIV services and sexual and reproductive health services in India.

Author: Sellers T; Saha A; Panda M; Bidla RK; Virk AK

Publication date: March 2007

Region: Asia

Part of series: HIV-SRH Convergence newsletters

The January 2004 issue of PATH's programmatic newsletter focuses on five projects: preventing HIV and AIDS in the Philippines, evaluating a malaria vaccine candidate, increasing youth access to services through pharmacies, advancing the Ultra Rice technology, and using theater to encourage social change.

Publication date: January 2004

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

Specific information on the symptoms and prevention of lymphedema for breast cancer survivors.

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

For women interested in knowing more about breast cancer, this brochure provides an overview with some specifics on diagnosis, treatment and recovery.

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Specific information for women undergoing radiation therapy on the procedure and use of radiation to treat breast cancer.

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Recommends several exercises for women recovering from breast cancer.

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

A brief brochure for all women explaining the role of mammograms in early detection.

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Provides insight and advice to the relatives and friends of women survivors of breast cancer.

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

This report presents the results and findings of three demonstration projects undertaken in Tunisia as part of a partnership between project Optimize and the Tunisian Ministry of Health. Between 2009 and 2012, the partnership aimed to demonstrate innovations in the supply chain that can help the national immunization program meet the demands of an increasingly large and costly portfolio of vaccines.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Africa

Part of series: Project Optimize country reports

For the latest Outlook issue on cervical cancer prevention, please see Progress in Preventing Cervical Cancer: Updated Evidence on Vaccination and Screening (Outlook, vol. 27, no. 2).

Author: Sherris JD, Herdman C

Publication date: September 2000

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

Author: Kane M; Lasher H

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

Part of series: CVP Occasional Papers

Author: Wittet S

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

Part of series: CVP Occasional Papers

This eight-page paper on local advocacy was written for doctors, nurses, and health educators. It provides practical suggestions for grassroots initiatives supporting immunization and incorporates the insights of co-author Dr. Robert Aston, an immunization advocate from the U.K.

Author: Wittet S; Aston R

Publication date: 2000

Region: Global

Part of series: CVP Occasional Papers

This fact sheet describes a phase 3 clinical study that PATH and our partners are conducting in Senegal to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a seasonal, trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). By providing evidence on how well this type of vaccine works among young children in Senegal, this study will help inform efforts in the scientific community to develop optimal LAIVs for the world’s most vulnerable children, as well as policy decisions for potential future LAIV use in Senegal and other tropical, low-resource countries in Africa.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Africa

This document summarizes available evidence for the validation and establishment of a rapid, field-based tool for the assessment of vitamin A deficiency using the retinol-binding protein immunoassay (RBP-EIA) test.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

These executive summaries reveal findings and recommendations from initial assessments conducted in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Pakistan, Rwanda, and Senegal. These countries were evaluated in terms of service delivery, supply systems, and stakeholder perspectives with respect to the feasibility and appropriateness of introducing depo-subQ in Uniject.

Publication date: 2009

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes how the START-UP project is working with private-sector partners to develop two new tests that detect infection with the types of human papillomavirus (HPV) that cause cervical cancer. Designed for use in low-resource settings, these screening tools are an innovative answer to the challenge of early detection of the precursors of cervical cancer.

Publication date: July 2009

Region: Global

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Guiding principles

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Guiding principles

Author: Shane B

Publication date: September 2001

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Kols A

Publication date: August 2001

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Castro W; Lande R; Burns M

Publication date: May 2001

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Kols A; Kilbourne-Brook M

Publication date: December 1999

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Murphy E; Rudy S; Steele C; Kilbourne-Brook M

Publication date: July 1999

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Bishop A; Kilbourne-Brook M; Wells E

Publication date: April 1999

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Nguyen T; Wells E

Publication date: October 1998

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Kols A; Nguyen T

Publication date: November 1997

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Kilbourne-Brook M; Wells S

Publication date: June 1997

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Kilbourne-Brook M

Publication date: March 1997

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Wells E

Publication date: January 1997

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This document reviews global literature on the impacts and implications for converging HIV and sexual and reproductive health services for people most at risk: young men and women, sex workers, and HIV-positive people.

Publication date: January 2007

Region: Asia

This document describes the implementation challenges, success and impact of behavior change communication activities in Eritrea.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Africa

This fact sheet provides a brief overview of PATH's work in HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, care, and advocacy.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

The purpose of this document is to provide an update on the "Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in the Context of HIV/AIDS in Rwanda" study conducted by UNICEF and partners in Rwanda in 2005. The document discusses the results of the Rwanda study in light of more recent research and program findings and includes the new WHO guidelines on HIV and infant feeding, which were published in October 2006. The study was published in French as "Evaluation des pratiques d'alimentation des nourrissons et des jeunes enfants dans le contexte du VIH/SIDA au Rwanda."

Author: Thiaru L

Publication date: 2007

Region: Africa

The Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition is a global partnership of public, private, and nongovernmental organizations dedicated to ensuring that all people in low- and middle-income countries can access and use affordable, high-quality supplies to ensure their better reproductive health.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Websites

Questions about new interventions believed to improve neonatal survival have been added to the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in five Asian countries: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, and the Philippines. This document explores associations between these interventions and neonatal mortality and discusses implications for future research.

Author: Fort A, Kothari M, Abderrahim N

Publication date: August 2008

Region: Asia

This issue of Directions in Global Health features five PATH projects: preparing for an avian influenza outbreak in Ukraine and Georgia; improving nevirapine packaging for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission; preventing postpartum hemorrhage through the POPPHI initiative; increasing access to safe abortion in Nepal; and supportive supervision of immunization programs in Vietnam.

Author: PATH

Publication date: December 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

The August 2005 issue of Directions in Global Health features five PATH projects: our work with in- and out-of-school youth as part of the African Youth Alliance, a new test for vitamin A deficiency, HIV prevention among vulnerable groups in Georgia, cost analysis of rapid syphilis tests, and home-based care of people living with AIDS in South Africa.

Author: PATH

Publication date: August 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

Author: Wittet S

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

This report shares findings from an assessment of how access to critical services for populations at risk of HIV and unintended pregnancy can be strengthened by converging HIV and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services under the National Rural Health Mission and the National AIDS Control Programme in India. The report provides information on the demand for, opportunities for, and challenges of implementing HIV and SRH convergence in four Indian states—Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh. The report is available as one large file or as two smaller sections for easier downloading.

Author: PATH HIV-SRH Convergence Project in India

Publication date: June 2007

Region: Asia

This document is available for downloading in one large file or by individual chapters. (There are 12 chapters plus appendices.)

Author: Murphy E; Ringheim K

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

This special report offers an overview of the proceedings at the 7th International Symposium on Pneumococci and Pneumococcal Diseases held in Tel Aviv, Israel, from March 14 to 18, 2010. The meeting brought together pneumococcal experts from around the world to discuss the latest advancements in the field of pneumococcal disease research and development. This report captures topics covered at the conference ranging from microbiology and epidemiology of the pneumococcus bacterium to existing and novel pneumococcal vaccines and  treatments, as well as updates on global advocacy efforts and serotype dynamics of pneumococcal disease.

Publication date: 2010

Region: Global

HPVflash is an email news bulletin that disseminates useful cervical cancer prevention information, including updates on vaccines against the human papillomavirus, to interested persons worldwide. HPVflash emails are emailed only a few times a year.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: E-newsletters

Publication date: July 1998

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Kilbourne-Brook M

Publication date: December 1998

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Kols A

Publication date: February 1999

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Author: Kols A

Publication date: June 2002

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

A brief brochure for all women explaining the role of mammograms in early detection.

Publication date: 1998

Region: Eastern Europe

This 72-page document offers an in-depth look at vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV), both currently available vaccines and those in development, including therapeutic vaccines. The document includes an examination of programmatic issues relevant to developing countries.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This notebook includes a number of resources about emergency contraception (EC): EC Pills Information Packet, Collaborative Agreements for Public Health, Framework, Model Legislation, Quality Assurance/Quality Improvement Document, Pharmacist Training Manual, Public Relations/Continency Plans, "Sweet Nothings" Radio Transcript, Reources, Presenters'slides, EC Materials for Diverse Audiences, EC Contraception Resources for Providers

Publication date: 2000

Region: North America and Europe

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

This guide introduces the retinol binding protein enzyme immunoassay (RBP-EIA) to potential advocates and users, and provides information about its prospective role in public health.

Author: Hix J; Levin C; Gorstein J

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This document highlights the experiences of one small Tanzanian NGO's efforts to improve the reproductive health of out-of-school youth in Arusha, Tanzania.

Author: Lyssikatos G

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

Launched in 2002, this website provides information on the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention (ACCP), of which PATH was a member. Having accomplished its mission, the ACCP disbanded in 2013.

Publication date: 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Websites

Launched in 2002, this website provides information on the Malaria Vaccine Initiative at PATH.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Websites

This report describes use of the Uniject™ device prefilled with 10 international units (IU) of oxytocin for actively managing the third stage of labor in selected health centers in Mali. Although this single-dose, autodisable injection device has previously been used for tetanus toxoid vaccination in Mali, the Ministry of Health lacked documentation of the safety and feasibility of using the device to deliver oxytocin for active management of the third stage of labor (AMTSL).

Author: Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative (POPPHI)

Publication date: December 2008

Region: Global

This two-page fact sheet gives a brief overview of the behavior change communication (BCC) work PATH and its partners are doing to increase knowledge of and access to safe abortion in Nepal.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Asia

This report documents a participatory evaluation that sought to expand the accessibility, availability, and use of appropriate and effective neonatal resuscitator devices for South African populations.

Publication date: May 2008

Region: Africa

The USAID-funded Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative (POPPHI) has developed numerous fact sheets on postpartum hemorrhage to educate individuals on its severity and how it can be avoided through active management of the third stage of labor.

Author: Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative (POPPHI)

Publication date: 2008

Region: Global

These workshop materials were developed to improve the knowledge and skills of procurement implementers to enable them to effectively use the WHO Prequalification Programme for Essential Reproductive Health Medicines. The materials include educational and skills-building components to convey the benefits of prequalification within the procurement context and to effectively incorporate prequalification into bidding documents and bidder assessments. If you intend to adapt these materials, it is recommended that experienced facilitators manage each session. For more information, contact info@path.org.

Publication date: April 2008

Region: Global

These workshop materials were designed for manufacturers of male latex condoms to introduce and solicit input on the new WHO Prequalification Programme for Male Latex Condoms. The objective is to increase the successful participation of manufacturers, thereby expanding the supplier base and expediting progress toward reproductive health supply security in low- and middle-income countries. If you intend to adapt these materials, it is recommended that experienced facilitators manage each session. For more information, contact info@path.org.

Publication date: April 2008

Region: Global

Publication date: 1999

Region: Global

This special issue of Directions in Global Health features PATH's work in malaria prevention and control. It describes PATH's partnerships, experience in Zambia, clinical trial activities, efforts to prepare for vaccine introduction, and advocacy efforts.

Author: PATH

Publication date: May 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

Author: Hendrix-Jenkins A

Publication date: 2002

Region: Africa

This document provides details on PATH's partnership with the National Expanded Program on Immunization in Vietnam to enhance surveillance of Japanese encephalitis disease and inform planning for immunization programs.

Author: Phillips D

Publication date: May 2007

Region: Asia

This case study describes PATH's work with three implementing partners -- the Family Planning Association of Uganda, Uganda Red Cross Society, and Ndere Troupe -- that carried out the African Youth Alliance's out-of-school component in Uganda. The activity was designed to reach 22,000 youth in 12 districts with sexuality and reproductive health education, including HIV and AIDS, information about assessing youth-friendly services, and opportunities to strengthen developmental skills. This innovative and comprehensive strategy successfully reached thousands of Ugandan youth who were no longer in school.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

This fact sheet highlights PATH's health technology solutions from the past 30 years.

Publication date: April 2014

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes PATH's enteric vaccine project from a technical perspective. It includes an overview of PATH's vaccine development portfolio, research activities, and partners to support the development of effective and affordable vaccines against Shigella and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, the leading bacterial causes of diarrhea, for children in the developing world.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

For the latest Outlook issue on cervical cancer prevention, please see Progress in Preventing Cervical Cancer: Updated Evidence on Vaccination and Screening (Outlook, vol. 27, no. 2).

Author: Castilaw D, Wittet S

Publication date: June 2007

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

News From PATH provides timely and relevant updates on PATH, global health news, and ways to connect with us. Sign up to receive our monthly, mobile-friendly e-newsletter and other occasional updates about our work.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: E-newsletters

Out-of-school adolescent migrants in urban areas are a difficult group to reach. They are also more likely than students to need adolescent sexual and reproductive health information and services. These documents report on a study to evaluate the impact of a work-based training program in life-planning skills conducted with young, unmarried migrants in Shenzhen, China. A full report is provided in English, with summaries in both English and Chinese.

Publication date: August 2005

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

This fact sheet provides important information on the SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine manufactured by the Chengdu Institute of Biological Products. Topics include vaccine presentation, dosage, safety, and history of use.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Asia

Author: Nelson C; Widjaya A; Wittet S

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

Part of series: CVP Occasional Papers

Author: Shane B; Ellsberg M

Publication date: September 2002

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Medical abortion—an approach that uses medication rather than surgical intervention to end a pregnancy—may be one way to help women get the safe services they need. Until recently, the two medications most widely approved for safe and effective medical abortion (mifepristone and misoprostol) were packaged and licensed separately. They are now licensed and packaged together as one product: Medabon®. This information package helps health care providers, program managers, policymakers, the media, and women understand the new product.

Publication date: August 2009

Region: Global

The main objective of the review was to examine the available data on the effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of cryotherapy, and to communicate the evidence base to health professionals and policy makers in developing countries.

Author: Castro W; Gage J; Gaffikin L; Ferreccio C; Sellors J; Sherris J; Blumenthal P

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Part of series: Cervical Cancer Prevention: Issues in Depth

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes a collaboration between PATH and the Vietnamese Ministry of Health to study in six districts of Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, the use of single-dose Uniject™ devices prefilled with oxytocin in the active management of the third stage of labor in order to reduce the rates of postpartum hemorrhage.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This special issue of Directions in Global Health highlights PATH's vaccine partnership efforts: PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI), pneumococcal vaccine development project, Meningitis Vaccine Project, cervical cancer vaccine project, and Rotavirus Vaccine Program. The issue also features a case study of the vaccine vial monitor.

Author: PATH

Publication date: May 2007

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This four-page brochure tells the story of the Uniject device--how it grew from a concept to an easy-to-use, all-in-one injection device that will be used to vaccinate every newborn in Indonesia against hepatitis B and to help eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus globally. The publication covers the development, evaluation, licensing, production, and design and function of Uniject. Photographs and a timeline of Uniject's history included.

Author: E.Simpson

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This brochure describes the approach and activities of PATH's adolescent health program.

Author: E.Simpson

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 1997

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This guide provides programs for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) with the information they need to independently procure nevirapine infant-dose pouches for use in their PMTCT services. (PATH is not a manufacturer or supplier of the pouch.)

Author: Berman A; Brooke S

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This document provides an historical profile on the design of PATH's SILCS diaphragm, including clinical evaluations, user acceptability studies, and product features, specifications, and benefits.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

Developed as part of a project aimed at strengthening the provision of reproductive health services for young people at pharmacies, this job aid aims to strengthen the knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for pharmacy staff, remind them of key points when talking with young clients about STIs, and provide a list of facilities providing youth friendly STI services in Thanh Hoa.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

Developed as part of a project aimed at strengthening the provision of reproductive health services for young people at pharmacies, this leaflet aims to provide information on definition, transmission, implications, common signs and prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), help young people to assess their risks of STIs, and provide a list of youth friendly STI services in Thanh Hoa.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

International assistance for family planning has been shrinking at a time when many family planning programs in developing countries are experiencing shortages of supplies. This issue of Outlook discusses contraceptive supply security, including its critical components, the current status of funding, causes of contraceptive shortages, and challenges and promising approaches to achieving supply security.

Author: Finkle C

Publication date: July 2003

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's current project to improve packaging of nevirapine used to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Guiding principles

Author: Waring B

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

A HealthTech report evaluating neonatal resuscitators.

Author: Coffey P; Seamans Y; Kelly K

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Key facts about meningococcal meningitis, including disease transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention; outbreak trends; and global public response.

Publication date: February 2013

Region: Africa

The Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention (ACCP) has developed a set of presentation materials to help cervical cancer prevention advocates make presentations to policymakers, donors, clinicians, program managers, community health workers and others who may be interested or actively involved in cervical cancer prevention. The presentations are available on the ACCP web site in both PowerPoint and as PDF files.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

The ACCP has developed a set of presentation materials to help cervical cancer prevention advocates make presentations to policymakers, donors, clinicians, program managers, community health workers and others who may be interested or actively involved in cervical cancer prevention. The presentations are available on the ACCP web site in both PowerPoint and as PDF files.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

Author: Hooks C

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

In March 1998, eight organizations working with youth in different Nairobi slums came together to form the Youth Exchange Network (YEN). The groups were motivated to join forces to better serve young people and other residents of these areas. This document describes the development of YEN and its key projects and programs. The document was created for NGO Networks at the request of the USAID Bureau of Africa to offer an example of a young network still establishing its identity and discovering its value.

Author: Waring B

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

PATH is an innovator, researcher, implementation catalyst, and influential advocate on the global and country levels. This document highlights PATH's experience and expertise in translating data, knowledge, and messages to stimulate action by decision-makers in support of health innovations, policies, and sustainable resources.

Publication date: December 2012

Region: Global

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

Human rights and reproductive health advocates increasingly are working together to advance women's and men's well-being. This issue of Outlook discusses fundamental human rights principles and major developments; benefits of a rights-based approach to reproductive health; obligations and responsibilities at the international, national, health care system, and community levels; and how programs can implement a rights-based approach to reproductive health care.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: December 2003

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

The ACCP has developed a set of presentation materials to help cervical cancer prevention advocates make presentations to policymakers, donors, clinicians, program managers, community health workers and others who may be interested or actively involved in cervical cancer prevention. The presentations are available on the ACCP web site in both PowerPoint and as PDF files.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Final report from PATH to USAID Jakarta for the ASUH or Healthy Start for a Healthy Life program. From 2000-2003, PATH, in collaboration with the Indonesian Ministry of Health and other partners, galvanized the participation of communities and the health system in four of Indonesia's districts.

Author: Muller N; Palmer A; Tsu V

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are special doses of birth control pills that can be used after unprotected intercourse to prevent pregnancy. Although ECPs offer a safe and effective contraceptive option, with some notable exceptions the method has yet to be widely integrated into developing-country family planning programs. The purpose of this toolkit is to facilitate the integration of ECPs into developing-country family planning and reproductive health programs. It includes resources for ECP advocacy, assessment, service provision, and evaluation. The planning and implementation tools represent best practices and experience that will help programs move through the steps required to make ECP services routinely available through health service delivery systems. The intent of the toolkit is to share widely an array of materials developed by PATH and by other organizations as they worked in a variety of settings to incorporate ECPs into family planning services. It is hoped that by bringing together these resources in a format that facilitates their use, the toolkit can reduce duplication of efforts, redundancy, and unnecessary expense.

Publication date: June 2004

Region: Global

This manual was developed for health care providers such as community nurses and medical doctors who care for women who are dying of advanced cervical cancer. It offers recommendations for providing supportive care for women with the disease and provides practical advice on managing physical signs and symptoms, using modern medications to relieve pain, promoting good nutrition, and addressing social, emotional, and spiritual issues.

Author: Herdman C; Levin K; Dzuba I; Castro W; Muhombe K; Sellors J

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Description of the work carried out with district health offices in Indonesia.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Description of clinical training provided to midwives in Indonesia.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Description of how ASUH helped communities in Indonesia.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

This policy and practice update provides an overview of the demonstration project implemented by PATH and partners in the Patna and Muzaffarpur districts of Bihar and in the Srikakulam district in Andhra Pradesh. In this issue, we describe the project and field activities and share some selected findings from our interactions with communities and health care providers.

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Asia

Part of series: HIV-SRH Convergence newsletters

This conference report provides information on program and policy implications for HIV prevention and reproductive health.

Author: USAID Office of HIV/AIDS, AIDSMark (PSI, PATH, MSH), JHPIEGO

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

This field manual was developed for visiting nurses or health facility-based nurses and physicians in Kenya to use when caring for women with terminal cervical cancer. It focuses on understanding cervical cancer, relieving the physical problems associated with it, and addressing social, emotional, and spiritual issues faced by women with terminal disease and their families. It offers the reader simple, practical advice on the drugs and techniques that are effective in the management of the most common problems confronting women and their families.

Author: Sellors J; Muhombe K; Castro W

Publication date: 2004

Region: Africa

RHO Cervical Cancer is an online resource for health program managers and decision-makers seeking to prevent cervical cancer in low-resource settings. The site contains information about human papillomavirus and cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening and treatment, and the role of vaccination in cervical cancer prevention.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Websites

This document provides materials to assist health workers and program managers in the introduction, training, and proper use of TT-Uniject.

Author: Fleming J; Nelson C

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Despite an increase in demand and availability, access to contraceptive use remains a challenge to many due to a variety of barriers. For health care providers and counselors, providing the most up-to-date information concerning contraceptive choices is critical for ensuring clients are able to make the best decisions about their reproductive needs. This issue of Outlook addresses several topics related to contraceptive methods, including trends in contraceptive use, the underutilization of IUDs, the increase in options for contraceptive implants, combined oral contraceptives, and new options in hormonal contraception.

Author: Castro W

Publication date: May 2004

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This report provides an overview of current issues relating to cancer treatment in developing countries, followed by descriptions of existing support for cancer patients in countries where ACCP has worked and the support provided by ACCP projects. Finally, this report provides recommendations, based on ACCP experiences, for the provision of basic assistance at the national or local level to women with cervical cancer, within the context of a prevention-based intervention in low-resource settings.

Author: White SC; Winkler JL; ACCP Community Involvement Affinity Group

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

This brochure provides a general overview of PATH's approach and focus areas. It is designed for distribution to general audiences.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

Women's Stories, Women's Lives: Experiences with Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment is a collection of stories based on interviews with women who participated in the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention (ACCP) screening and (when applicable) treatment programs. These women's stories illustrate the unnecessary suffering cervical cancer can cause women and their families and how prevention programs can save women's lives.

Author: ACCP

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

This ACCP Cervical Cancer Prevention Fact Sheet summarizes the major findings and conclusions from ACCP research on organized cervical cancer prevention programs, alternative screening methods, treatment methods for precancerous lesions, and cost-effectiveness of screen-and-treat programs.

Author: ACCP

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

Launched in 2004, this website provides information on meningitis and the work of PATH and the World Health Organization's Meningitis Vaccine Project to eliminate epidemic meningitis as a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Africa

Part of series: Websites

This issue of Outlook looks primarily at vasectomy as a contraceptive option for men. A number of important topics related to this theme are addressed, including no-scalpel vasectomy, no-scalpel vs. conventional vasectomy, choosing vasectomy, cost, vasectomy in developing countries, possible side effects and complications, regret, reversibility, and other strategies for male contraception.

Author: Weil B

Publication date: December 2004

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

The WKCCPP Project, implemented from 2000 to 2004, was a collaborative effort to develop and evalulate a model cervical cancer prevention program suitable for rural, low-resource settings in Africa. During the life of the project nearly 2,400 women were screened using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), visual screening using Lugol's iodine (VILI), and a combination of both screening tests, followed by cryotherapy. WKCCPP clearly demonstrated that cervical cancer prevention services based on these tests can be established and sustained in rural Kenya with relatively modest start-up requirements and support. With commitment at national and local levels, an affordable and effective cervical cancer prevention service could be phased in over the next five to ten years, and thousands of women's lives could be spared.

Author: Tsu V; Lewis K; Bignham A; Levin C; Sellors J

Publication date: 2004

Region: Africa

This case study briefly documents the process of conducting a vocational school–based training course in life-planning skills for rural, young migrants from Peixian County, Jiangsu Province, China, and shares the lessons learned from this intervention as well as the possibility and necessity of expanding the program.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: Asia

This publication is a "look back" at highlights of some of PATH's work in youth sexual and reproductive health over the last 20+ years, and also a "look forward," outlining its vision for the future.

Author: Mueller L; Gerber W; Newton N

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

The Georgian National Health Policy, adopted in 1999, declares the reduction of communicable and socially dangerous diseases a major priority for maintaining and improving the health of the Georgian population over the next decade. This report helps Georgian health workers comply with the above goal. It outlines how to identify and register cases of infectious diseases; confirm and classify cases; notify and report; analyze data; investigate outbreaks; and use available information for making decisions to prevent and control infectious diseases and improve the functioning of the surveillance system.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Eastern Europe

Brochure describing PATH's national TB programs to expand DOTS. Created for a global meeting on TB in Paris, Oct/Nov. 2004.

Author: Hanson C; Gerber W

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

This fact sheet provides a historical perspective on malaria’s impact on the US military, from the Revolutionary War up until 2003. Malaria illness and death estimates for various wars are provided.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

This issue of Outlook provides evidence-based information on the emerging use of misoprostol in obstetrics and gynecology. It describes current research, regulatory issues, availability, and administration, as well as misoprostol's use during labor and delivery for labor induction and for prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. It also describes its use in inducing or managing abortion, including for treatment of incomplete abortion, preabortion cervical ripening, and pregnancy termination. Finally, it outlines safety issues and implications for research and practice.

Author: Burns M

Publication date: April 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This two-page summary describes the Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition (RHSC). PATH serves as the secretariat for the RHSC, which provides global leadership in making essential reproductive health products available in developing and transitional countries.

Publication date: July 2010

Region: Global

This document reports on 2003 Outlook and RHO reader evaluations, which included surveys, focus group discussions, and key-informant interviews. The report discusses evaluation methods and results, compares results to a 1997 Outlook reader survey and a 1999 RHO user survey, and outlines recommendations and outcomes. Appendices include a copy of the surveys and responses, key-informant questionnaire, focus group discussion guide, and sample pages of Outlook's design, pre- and post-evaluation.

Author: Boyd A; Kirshbaum J

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Fact sheet describing some of PATH's global HIV/AIDS and TB.

Author: Crawford K; Gerber W

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work, in collaboration with Cascade Designs, to develop a prototype of a portable, battery-powered, easy-to-use device that delivers consistent concentrations of chlorine to treat water in low-resource settings.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Improving iron status among infants and young children is of continued concern in low- to middle-income countries. This article, published in The Journal of Nutrition, reports on a double-blind, randomized trial among mildly anemic children in Brazil that compared use of rice fortified with micronized ferric pyrophosphate using the Ultra Rice technology with identical nonfortified rice. The study found that, in populations where young children are routinely fed approximately 100 grams of cooked rice daily, fortifying rice with iron may improve iron status at least as well as providing free iron drops.

Author: Beinner M, Velasquez-Meléndez G, Pessoa MC, Greiner T

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop a rapid, low-cost test to detect vitamin A deficiency.

Publication date: April 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

The fourth annual policy report from the Global Health Technologies Coalition outlines actions the United States can take to help reduce deaths, extend lives, and secure healthier futures by supporting research for new health tools.

Publication date: February 2013

Region: North America and Europe

Part of series: GHTC's annual policy reports

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes the SoloShot project at PATH.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on Uniject for use with injectable contraceptives.

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on the BIRTHweigh III scale.

Publication date: May 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This is a Russian translation of the second edition (2004) of the "Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Medical and Service Delivery Guidelines." The International Consortium for Emergency Contraception compiled these service delivery guidelines to give family planning and other reproductive health programs and practitioners the information they need to provide ECPs safely and effectively. The recommendations in these guidelines reflect the latest available research on emergency contraception and have been reviewed by internationally recognized reproductive health experts. Local programs can adapt these guidelines as necessary to comply with national or other requirements.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Eastern Europe

Ukraine project descriptions

Author: Bishop A

Publication date: 2005

Region: Eastern Europe

Ukraine project descriptions

Author: Bishop A

Publication date: 2005

Region: Eastern Europe

Ukraine project descriptions

Author: Bishop A

Publication date: 2005

Region: Eastern Europe

In this document you will find a fact sheet describing the tuberculosis (TB) Project in Ukraine.

Author: Gamazina K; Tsarenko A; Bishop A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

This document describes PATH's approach to maximizing the availability, accessibility, and affordability of global health technologies through private-sector collaboration. This approach is critical in enabling global access of the results of our private-sector partnerships. This edition is a condensed version of the 12-page document, Bringing New Health Technologies Within Reach for Everyone. It is supported by six case studies illustrating how PATH has applied this approach to a food-fortification technology, pneumococcal vaccines, human papillomavirus screening, Japanese encephalitis vaccines, malaria vaccines, and the Uniject® prefilled injection device.

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

This two-page fact sheet provides a brief overview of the results of an exploratory study conducted by PATH, Ipas, and research partners in Latin America to identify appropriate channels through which misoprostol use instructions could be disseminated to women safely and effectively, without causing legal risk to individuals or restrictions to the availability of the drug in Latin America.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Latin America

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

Publication date: January 2007

Region: Asia

This fact sheet focuses on the challenges of introducing HPV vaccines into developing countries.

Author: Herdman C; Demspey M

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Developed as part of a project aimed at strengthening the provision of reproductive health services for young people at pharmacies, this leaflet emphasizes the importance of early pregnancy confirmation, provides three options for unintended pregnancies and a list of youth friendly services in Thanh Hoa.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

This document describes the successful introduction of a public-private mix program designed to increase the detection of tuberculosis in Cambodia. It is hoped that health programs in other high-burden countries will find this a useful guide for introducing or scaling up their own public-private mix activities.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Asia

Infection with intestinal parasites is very common in rural Vietnam, with rates of Ascariasis approaching 100 percent amongst children aged two years and older. Trichuris and hookworm infections also highly prevalent. This document reports on research that was conducted at four communes of Ba Thuoc and Hau Loc districts, Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. It provides a comprehensive overview of awareness as well as behaviors and practices of local people in health and intestinal parasite infection management and control.

Publication date: 2002

Region: Asia

This report documents a review of the Abortion Care Project, administered by PATH under a grant from the Hewlett Foundation. The project goals were to reduce abortion related infection and complications by improving the quality of health care facilities and community-based postabortion services; sustain behavior change among community members in seeking treatment of postabortion complications and preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV; establish linkages and referrals on abortion-related complications, STIs, and HIV between district health services and provincial institutions and other community health facilities.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

Historical profile on the PATH development and advancement of vaccine vial monitors.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: North America and Europe

Historical profile on the PATH development and advancement of the Uniject device.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: North America and Europe

Author: Garcia-Moreno C; Jansen HA; Ellsberg M; Heise L; Watts C

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

This document briefly examines some of the research that has been conducted on Ultra Rice. From positive consumer acceptance and nutrient retention studies to impressive efficacy trials on improving vitamin A and iron levels, Ultra Rice has been proven to be an effective, low-cost rice fortification technology.

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Global

This is a two-page fact sheet on PATH's maternal and child health activities.

Author: Krasovec K

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Status report on HPV vaccines

Author: Herdman C

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

This poster presentation describes the results of the exit interviews conducted with 312 tuberculosis (TB) patients who may or may not be HIV-positive and five focus group discussions conducted with people living with HIV and AIDS (PLHA) in Kyiv City and Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. This poster was presented at the XVI AIDS conference in Toronto, August 13-18, 2006.

Author: Gamazina K; Zaika N; Bishop A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

The Global Health Technologies Coalition's website offers information and resources on research and development for new global health tools. It also serves as a clearinghouse of information about coalition activities and global health research and development.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Websites

Anemia detection is often used as a screening test for iron deficiency. These guidelines are intended to help program managers establish anemia detection services or enhance existing services.

Publication date: 1996

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on the Uniject™ injection system for use with vaccines.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This issue of Directions in Global Health features five PATH projects: our collaboration with the World Health Organization on the Meningitis Vaccine Project; prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in Ukraine; a small grants program that is catalyzing behavior change in Africa; the Inter-Act project, which is training truck drivers to slow the HIV epidemic in India; and an evaluation of neonatal resuscitators.

Author: PATH

Publication date: August 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

Part of series: Sure Start publications

This document provides an historical overview of PATH's work on technologies for injection safety.

Publication date: January 2006

Region: Global

This issue of Directions in Global Health profiles five PATH projects: Entre Amigas, which is reaching young adolescent girls in Nicaragua with reproductive health and life skills; the Healthy Start for a Healthy Life project, which is improving the care of newborns in Indonesia; the Ukraine TB project, which is implementing training and IEC activities to control tuberculosis; PATH's Children's Vaccine Program, which is managing medical waste in Nepal; and the Horizons program, which is influencing gender norms among young men in Brazil.

Publication date: May 2004

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

Publication date: 2004

Region: Africa

This fact sheet highlights PATH's work to develop new vaccines against pneumococcal disease, one of the leading causes of death in children less than five years old in the developing world.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

The global diabetes epidemic impacts pregnant women and their babies. This poster describes a rapid, low-cost, non-fasting screening assay proposed by PATH to be used at antenatal care visits. The test would enable interventions to prevent or delay diabetes in the mother and child.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

The film provides a glimpse of the serious Japanese encephalitis outbreak in India in 2005, along with innovative diagnostic work in Malaysia, and it explains why vaccination is the only effective way to control the disease.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Asia

Part of series: Kill or Cure? videos

Publication date: 2005

Region: Asia

Overview of the ASUH (Healthy Start for a Healthy Life) program in Indonesia.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Childhood immunization is a major public health concern in Cambodia. A study of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of communities and health workers was conducted to identify barriers to immunization and inform future information, education, and communication strategies.

Publication date: 2002

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes the SILCS diaphragm project at PATH.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes the Ultra Rice project at PATH.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes the oxytocin in Uniject project at PATH.

Publication date: April 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This photo set contains photographs by project Optimize of the installation and initial testing of two battery-free solar refrigerators in May 2011 in Vietnam.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Asia

Part of series: Project Optimize photo sets

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on microbicide delivery devices.

Publication date: April 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This brochure, which is available in 14 languages, helps health care providers communicate with clients about emergency contraception. The brochure is formatted so that it can be downloaded, printed, photocopied (double-sided), and then folded. There are two versions for each language: one for letter-size paper, the other for A4-size paper. A new version of the brochure will be ready in early 2012.

Publication date: 1998

Region: North America and Europe

This is the final research report on the evaluation of clean delivery kits in Tanzania. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of a delivery kit intervention on reducing cord infection and puerperal sepsis among newborns and their mothers. Study results indicate that use of the clean delivery kit had a positive effect on reducing both cord infection and puerperal sepsis. The effect of the kit on reducing cord infection was much greater than on puerperal sepsis, but both were significant.

Author: Winani S; Coffey P; Wood S; Mosha F; Chirwa T; Changalucha J

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

This short film shows how simple screening tests and community mobilization are saving lives across India. And how Costa Rican scientists—and young female volunteers—are helping us understand the exciting potential of a new vaccine against human papillomavirus.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

Part of series: Kill or Cure? videos

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet descibes the neonatal resuscitator project funded by USAID under the HealthTech program at PATH.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

The purpose of this global inventory is to provide manufacturer and product information on all neonatal/infant manual resuscitators available worldwide. This inventory includes information on two types of resuscitators: bag and mask, and tube and mask.

Author: Coffey P; Seamans Y

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This document describes how an Indian state protects millions and demonstrates what new vaccines and technologies can achieve.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

This publication provides an overview of the PATH Children's Vaccine Program's achievements worldwide, with a special focus on China, India, and Indonesia.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

This report is designed as a general resource to help family planning program managers strengthen their programs and meet growing family planning needs. It offers a broad overview of key programmatic considerations, lists of practical specialized resources, and hands-on tools that are available online.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This report is a synthesis of the project Evaluating HPV Vaccine Delivery Strategies in Vietnam, which aimed to identify appropriate strategies for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine delivery in different geographic and socioeconomic conditions. The report summarizes results of both the implementation and research aspects of the project. The document is available as one large file or as four smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: December 2010

Region: Asia

This toolkit provides practical guidance for building the capacity of various institutions to converge (or integrate) HIV and sexual and reproductive health services strategically. Developed in India, the toolkit is designed for program managers of nongovernmental organizations and community-based organizations; health care providers in the public sector at the national, district, and facility levels; and those running private-sector programs. The document is available as one large file or as two smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Asia

This guide was developed for Public Health Technicians working with the Ministry of Health as part of the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Project. However, it can be used by anyone wishing to broaden his or her understanding of adolescent reproductive health issues and improve his or her ability to communicate with young people.

Author: Martin S

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

In this document you will find ways in which the Kenya Adolescent Health Project curriculum helps facilitate dialogue between adults and young people on issues related to adolescent reproductive health. It is for teachers; community, religious, and youth group leaders; health care professionals; and anyone working with young people. The curriculum is designed to delay sexual debut, promote sexual and reproductive health and equip adolescents with life skills. Within this curriculum, facilitators can examine and clarify their own values and attitudes toward gender and relationships, build knowledge on sexual and reproductive health, and develop participatory facilitation skills to impart crucial life-saving information to young people. This curriculum is for use with adolescents aged 10 to19. It contains 30 sessions that focus on life skills and adolescent health. Each session has clear learning objectives that are addressed through a variety of participatory learning activities. Background notes are also provided to enhance the facilitator

Author: Behague S, Christenson K, Martin S, Wysong M

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

This policy report highlights the essential role that public-private partnerships play in driving global health product development and offers insights into the key components of successful multi-sector partnerships led by PATH. For examples of our European public-private partnerships, see Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health: PATH's Collaborations With European Partners.

Publication date: March 2013

Region: Global

The December 2005 issue of Directions in Global Health features five projects: PATH's Japanese encephalitis project, our collaboration with WHO on gender-based violence, a "lab-on-a-card" technology for detecting enteric disease, new HPV DNA tests for detecting cervical cancer, and an innovative behavior-change project that is helping prevent HIV in Eritrea.

Author: PATH

Publication date: December 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This fact sheet from the Global Health Technologies Coalition provides specific recommendations to US policymakers about the role and engagement of the US government in a future advance market commitment.

Publication date: March 2011

Region: North America and Europe

This document reviews the site characteristics of both health facilities and injection settings in order to determine the optimal use of a needle-remover device.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This poster presentation describes the results of a baseline Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) provider survey. A total of 893 medical and social service providers offering (VCT) services to populations engaged in risky behavior from 12 project sites in Ukraine participated in the survey. This poster was presented at the XVI AIDS conference in Toronto, August 13-18, 2006.

Author: Leontyeva S; Winkler J; Okromeshko S; Bishop A; Gamazina K

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

In this document you will find a guide that provides assistance with planning sharps waste disposal systems through the five important steps: review existing legislation and policy, collection of data in your district; review sharps collection options; review options for disposal in non-incineration areas; complete map by assigning disposal systems to non-incinerator health facilities; and create a district planning guide to calculate needs and plan implementation.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

This document provides technical overview of the needle remover project at PATH and includes information such as links to related materials available on the PATH website.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This document describes the Streamlining Immunization Logistics project, implemented between April 2005 and March 2006 in eight districts of Central Java and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This project has demonstrated qualitative improvements in the efficiency of sub-national logistic systems supporting the delivery of immunization services.

Author: Lloyd J

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

This publication provides guidelines on how to construct, use, and maintain a waste disposal unit.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

In this document you will find an operator's manual on how to use the waste disposal unit.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes PATH's work in behavioral change communication as part of AMKENI, a program of integrated family planning, reproductive health, and child survival services.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This fact sheet describes PATH's work on APHIA projects, focusing on HIV and AIDS service delivery, as well as broader reproductive health issues.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This fact sheet describes how the Culture and Health Program (CHAPS) uses a small grants program to catalyze local action.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes PATH's work with the Eritrean government and the World Bank’s HIV/AIDS, Malaria, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Tuberculosis Control Project (HAMSET). As part of the FHI/IMPACT project, PATH created Winning Through Caring, behavior change communication that provided information about HIV prevention, care, and support.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes work on the eQuest project, using SMS technology to engage young people in authentic dialogue with their peers and adults about HIV.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

PATH’s Safe Water Project is exploring the effectiveness of commercial strategies for providing household water treatment and storage products to low-income consumers in Cambodia and other developing countries. This project brief summarizes the results of three studies—a consumer study, a product scan, and an analysis of distribution channels—conducted from April to December 2008 to inform the development and implementation of a safe water pilot project in Cambodia.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Asia

This fact sheet describes PATH's behavior change communication work as part of the IMPACT project in Kenya.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes work on the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Project (KARHP), a multi-sectoral approach to addressing adolescent reproductive health and HIV prevention in two districts in Western Province.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This fact sheet describes PATH's work in community theater that entertains and educates, involving audience members in the action and encouraging sustained behavior change.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

In 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a new policy to guide activities for controlling tuberculosis (TB) infection. This report provides guidance on advocacy for political and financial support for TB infection control from donors and countries, widespread adoption of the WHO policy, and incorporation of it into national and local policies. The report also addresses advocacy for linkages with civil society organizations in the field to ensure demand for and implementation of the WHO policy to protect health workers, patients, and communities from TB transmission.

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes PATH's work on the Nuru comic book and Kati Yetu radio drama series encouraging African youth make informed, healthy choices about relationships, dating, and sex.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes the work of the Nairobi Urban Health and Poverty Partnership to address the poor health outcomes associated with rapid urbanization and the related inaccessibility of adequate basic services.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

In November 2012, the first immunization campaign to use a controlled temperature chain (CTC) took place in northern Benin. This photo set by project Optimize contains images taken during the campaign, where more than 155,000 people were vaccinated using the CTC approach.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Africa

Part of series: Project Optimize photo sets

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes work to improve single-dose packaging of nevirapine for programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes work of the Peer Family Program, one of the most unique and successful interventions of AMKENI, a project aimed at increasing use of integrated HIV and AIDS, family planning, reproductive health, and child survival services in Western and Coast provinces.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This training course was developed as a component of the Dialogues for Life approach, which focuses on preventing unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion and increasing women’s access to safe, legal abortion to terminate unwanted pregnancy. The course prepares participants to lead activities such as dialogue groups, magnification of personal stories of behavior change, and facilitation of referrals for reproductive health services.

Publication date: June 2007

Region: Asia

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes an innovative campaign to catch the attention of truck drivers on East African highways and get them thinking about ways to avoid AIDS.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

The study was undertaken to evaluate the acceptability and ease of use of the Uniject prefilled, single-use injection device by midwives at primary and secondary level facilities, the effectiveness of active management of the third stage of labor (AMTSL) in reducing rates of post partum hemorrhage (PPH) and the need for hemorrhage treatments, the cost-effectiveness of routine delivery of AMTSL, and the relative costs of using oxytocin in ampoules or in Uniject. The study was conducted in six districts of Thanh Hoa province from June to December 2004.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

This fact sheet describes the work of the RxGen Project.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

Author: Nguyen T

Publication date: November 1999

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes work to bring awareness to the risks associated with early marriage, promote couples voluntary counseling and testing, and empower girls.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on safe injections and waste management.

Publication date: September 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes the Scouting for Solutions project's work to promote abstinence until marriage and avoidance of unhealthy sexual behaviors among Scouts in Kenya and Uganda.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This fact sheet describes PATH's work to bring magnet theater to Shikusa Juvenile Centre in Western Kenya.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes work to strengthen and integrate HIV and tuberculosis services.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes work with local volunteers, EngenderHealth, and other organizations on AMKENI, an integrated family planning, reproductive health, and child survival project.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

The Youth-Friendly Pharmacy Program Implementation Kit is intended to guide the development of a sustainable, pharmacy-based initiative. Organizations can adapt the model and the materials as needed, to suit a variety of environments.

Author: Beitz J; Srimuangboon H; Lion-Coleman A; Transgrud R; Hutchings J; Weldin M

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes the work of the Western Kenya Cervical Cancer Prevention Project.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This fact sheet on the history of vaccines gives a brief overview of disease rates before and after the development of vaccines.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes work to share information and experiences among members of the Youth Exchange Network, a group of organizations working with youth in Nairobi slums.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This document summarizes the results of a study conducted to assess the impact of the China Youth Reproductive Health (YRH) Project on the adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) policy environment in Shanghai, China and examines how ASRH policies affect YRH. Of special interest were the processes governing policy-making and implementation, the challenges that arose during project implementation and the changes that were necessary to address these challenges in Shanghai

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

These documents report on a study to evaluate the impact of simultaneous training of parents and students in Tianjin middle schools in sexual and reproductive health and life-planning skills. A full report is provided in English, with summaries in both English and Chinese.

Publication date: August 2005

Region: Asia

Abortion is a widely available and extensively utilized legal medical procedure in Vietnam. However, there are still a number of serious concerns related to the quality of care associated with available abortion services, such as clinical practices, a woman

Author: Luu H; Gardner M; Levin C

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

This document summarizes the results of a study of out-of-the-cold-chain approaches for improving on-time delivery of birth doses of the hepatitis B vaccine in rural areas of China.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

In this document you will find a one page description and drawing of steps to consider when building a sharps pit with a plastic barrel as a pit liner.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This brochure describes how advances in vaccine supply chain systems can accelerate the delivery of lifesaving immunizations to people who need them. The document offers recommendations for global policymakers to support countries in building more effective supply chain systems.

Publication date: September 2012

Region: Global

Project Optimize, a collaboration between the World Health Organization and PATH, has been given a unique mandate to think far into the future: to put technological and scientific advances to work, helping define the ideal characteristics and specifications for health products; and to create a vaccine supply chain that is flexible and robust enough to handle an increasingly large and costly portfolio of vaccines. This brochure provides an overview of Optimize's areas of focus and activities.

Publication date: August 2009

Region: Global

The Advocacy to Improve Global Health training course provides global health practitioners with the basic tools and concepts necessary to plan an advocacy initiative, either as a stand-alone project or as part of a larger program.

Publication date: March 2012

Region: Global

This fact sheet provides a technical perspective of PATH's work on rotavirus vaccines for children in the developing world. It includes an overview of PATH's efforts to increase access to and effectiveness of existing rotavirus vaccines, as well as an in-depth review of its vaccine development portfolio and research activities to support the development of effective and affordable new rotavirus vaccines.

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

This document explains how to correctly build a protected sharps barrel for the disposal of waste.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This document explains how to correctly build a protected sharps pit for the disposal of waste.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on a new ceramic water pot designed to filter water for consumers in low-resource settings.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Description of Citra Diri Training in Indonesia.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2000

Region: Global

Publication date: 2000

Region: Global

This two-page document outlines basic programmatic guidelines for the use of clean-delivery kits in international settings. It includes a discussion of kit contents, an overview of research on the effectiveness of kits, principles of clean delivery, issues related to production of local kits, and information about ordering preassembled kits.

Author: Wood S; Coffey P

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This publication is a job aid designed to be used by community health outreach workers to counsel youth on dual protection (STD/HIV and pregnancy prevention).

Author: Bruce L; Borromeo M; Aquino M

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes delivery kit work at PATH.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

These discussion guides were developed for IMPACT project peer educators. The series of seven discussion guides provides systematic, step-by-step guidance for peer educators on HIV and AIDS; covering infection, transmission, living with HIV and the difference between HIV and AIDS.

Author: Gopinath CY; Kiranga M; Obyerodhambo O; Schmidt K

Publication date: 2002

Region: Africa

Author: Aquino C; D'Agnes L; Castro J; Borromeo M; Schmidt K; Gill K

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

RotaFlash is an e-news alert that provides breaking scientific news and updates on progress made by PATH and partners toward increasing global access to vaccines against rotavirus, the leading cause of severe and fatal diarrhea in young children worldwide. PATH distributes RotaFlash as part of our work to help expand access to rotavirus vaccines around the world by increasing understanding of the public health burden of rotavirus disease and the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines to prevent childhood deaths and hospitalizations. Sign up for RotaFlash.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: E-newsletters

MVP News Digest provides a quarterly update of activities at the Meningitis Vaccine Project, a partnership between the World Health Organization and PATH. The Meningitis Vaccine Project works to eliminate epidemic meningitis as a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa through the advancement of a meningococcal conjugate vaccine. The digest offers news on vaccine development, clinical and surveillance activities, epidemiologic research, and vaccine introduction.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Africa

Part of series: E-newsletters

These fact sheets describe a PATH project focused on expanding prevention options for women.

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

The Making Malaria History newsletter is a periodic update on activities of the Malaria Control and Evaluation Partnership in Africa, which works to rapidly scale up proven malaria control interventions to achieve impact on health and economic indicators. Distributed three times per year, the newsletter includes updates on emerging malaria control insights, as well as perspectives from Zambia and our regional and global partners.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Africa

Part of series: E-newsletters

This document provides historical information on the PATH-designed Woman's Condom, which could help couples around the world reduce their risk of HIV, other sexually transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancy.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

This document presents formative research results from PATH's HPV Vaccines: Evidence for Impact project in India. PATH is working with ministries of health and other country partners to develop strategies for introducing vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV), the primary cause of cervical cancer.

Publication date: March 2009

Region: Asia

This issue of Outlook focuses on using behavior change communication (BCC) to encourage healthy individual and societal behaviors related to sexual and reproductive health. It also addresses the challenges and importance of monitoring and evaluating BCC programs.

Author: Shane B

Publication date: August 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This publication provides a final report on the evaluation of needle-remover devices and sharps barrels in health posts in Senegal.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

This report summarizes a three-month evaluation of a disposable needle removal device in Uganda in an effort to collect information on injection safety in the context of delivery of injectable contraceptives.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

This document shares data from Guinea-Bissau that provide validation of the retinol-binding protein enzyme immunoassay (RBP-EIA) test from serum samples, while also providing initial data on the feasibility of using dried blood samples as a specimen type for the assessment of vitamin A deficiency in the field.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

Author: Hendrix-Jenkins A; Clark S; Gerber W; LeFevre J; Quiroga R

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

Author: Younger E; Wittet S; Hooks C; Lasher H

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

This document can be adapted for specific national programs. In addition to key technical content--including sections on using monovalent, quadrivalent, or pentavalent Hib vaccine formulations--it features quizzes, role plays and creative ideas for trainers. One of the appendices is a handout for parents.

Author: Wood S; Steinfeld R; Wittet S

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Author: Wood S; Lasher H; Wittet S

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on designing the next generation of jet injectors.

Publication date: January 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

In this document you will find a set of guidelines on how to correctly maintain a needle remover for extended use.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

Author: Tsu V

Publication date: 2000

Region: Asia

This document summarizes the results of a study of out-of-the-cold-chain approaches for improving on-time delivery of birth doses of the hepatitis B vaccine in four districts of Vietnam.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

Author: Wittet S; Bhattari M; Chaudray A

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

Part of series: CVP Occasional Papers

Guangzhou University is a pilot site of the China Youth Reproductive Health project. This case study describes a peer education program in the university and documents the lessons learned, including the program’s impact, successes, challenges, and students’ reactions. It also provides suggestions for sustaining the program.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: Asia

This important book brings together a public health and human rights focus on the reproductive health and rights of women and men who are the most disadvantaged and underserved: the "hardly reached." Each article fills a significant gap in our understanding of the health needs of those least served by existing reproductive health programs, including survivors of gender-based violence, refugees, sexual minorities, indigenous women, adolescents and young girls and women who have been trafficked.

Author: Murphy E; Hendrix-Jenkins A

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

Author: Ellertson C; Burns M

Publication date: February 2003

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This guide maps out the steps in building a dialogue-based BCC strategy and the importance of stakeholder involvement during the strategy design process. The purpose of this guide is to give policymakers and program implementors an idea of how communication strategies can be developed in order to increase access to safe abortion.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Author: Fleming J

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This training manual is available for downloading in four sectioons: first, the guide for facilitation; second, the guide for training injection providers; third, the guide for training waste handlers; and fourth, resources.

Author: Berman A; Nelson C

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

This document provides the user with guidelines on how to use a Balcan type needle remover safely.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This document provides a set of guidelines for correctly using a protected sharps barrel.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This document provides a list of steps to follow for correctly using a protected sharps pit.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on vaccine vial monitors.

Publication date: February 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This fact sheet on investing in vaccines for the developing world details the cost of developing and distributing vaccines, and it outlines the innovative funding solutions designed to address these issues.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: North America and Europe

In March 2011, the government of Senegal began using a "moving warehouse" to transport vaccines and vaccine supplies from regional stores directly to district stores and health posts on a monthly basis in the Saint-Louis region. This photo set explains how the moving warehouse works and shares results from a project Optimize–supported pilot demonstration of the moving warehouse from 2010 to 2012.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Africa

Part of series: Project Optimize photo sets

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza are occurring in domestic fowl in many countries, posing a considerable human public health risk. Based on the latest World Health Organization (WHO) standards and recommendations, this manual provides comprehensive recommendations to help Ukrainian health care workers establish sentinel site surveillance and promptly identify, report, confirm, and classify potential cases of avian influenza in humans. In addition, the document includes guidance on the basic parameters for surveillance data analysis, investigation of trigger cases and outbreaks, improvement of other aspects of an early warning system for humans, and communication with the public and infection-control professionals. The guidelines are most appropriate for the current and the next stages of pandemic preparedness (phases 3 and 4 of the WHO Pandemic Alert Period) and are designed primarily for health care personnel working at rayon and regional sanitary-epidemiological stations.

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Eastern Europe

This fact sheet on understanding vaccines describes how vaccines work and lists the different types of vaccines.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

Influenza viruses present one of the major infectious disease threats to the human population, with the recently emerging, highly pathogenic avian influenza strain, H5N1, causing particular concern. A virulent influenza pandemic has the potential to kill more than 100 million people worldwide. This paper analyzes the current supply of influenza vaccines, the predicted demand for influenza vaccines in case of a pandemic, and new vaccine technologies that could provide for the world’s demand in a pandemic situation.

Author: Oliver Wyman

Publication date: October 2007

Region: Global

This special issue of Directions in Global Health features PATH's work in women's health. Featured projects include Sure Start; the Maternal and Newborn Health Technology Initiative; the Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative; Global Campaign for Microbicides; SILCS diaphragm; the PATH Woman's Condom; microbicide applicators; AIDS, Population, and Health Integrated Assistance II Western Province; and Spring Bud Healthy Development.

Publication date: September 2007

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

By influencing the priorities and actions of those in power, PATH works to create a policy environment that supports good health. This workbook provides examples of how PATH uses ten key steps for strategic advocacy to achieve lasting policy change. The collection of stories are intended to serve as a resource to help global health implementers and advocates more deliberately develop strategies to achieve policy goals.

Author: Wilson R, Cokelet E

Publication date: March 2009

Region: Global

Starting in 2009, the Albanian Institute of Public Health collaborated with project Optimize to implement an online immunization information system (IIS) that can schedule and record all child immunizations in the country, as well as manage vaccine stock and storage. The “before” pictures describe how health workers used the previous paper-based registry, while the “after” pictures describe how they are now using the online IIS.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Eastern Europe

Part of series: Project Optimize photo sets

The Woman’s Condom is a new female condom designed to protect women and couples from unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections and to be highly pleasurable. This document describes product features and the steps that PATH and our manufacturing partner, Shanghai Dahua Medical Apparatus Company, are taking to raise awareness and build demand. The Woman’s Condom is branded O’lavie™ in China.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Global

The Woman's Condom is a new female condom that has been evaluated for acceptability, performance, and safety in clinical studies across five countries. This document summarizes key findings from completed clinical studies and provides updates on clinical studies in process.

Publication date: February 2013

Region: Global

The SILCS diaphragm is a single-size contraceptive barrier designed to fit a broad range of women. This document describes product features and the steps that PATH and our commercialization partner, Kessel Marketing & Vertriebs GmbH, are taking as we build toward the introduction of SILCS in low-resource settings.

Publication date: May 2014

Region: Global

PATH developed these messages for use by anyone interested in communicating the impact of diarrhea on the health and development of children and families around the world. This is also a guide to communicating the value of a coordinated approach to diarrheal disease control and the proven, cost-effective solutions available today.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Global

At the 2013 Women Deliver Conference in Kuala Lumpur, Elizabeth Abu Haydar—a PATH public health specialist—presented an overview of PATH’s work activities on the non-pneumatic antishock garment in a workshop discussing local manufacturing and logistics.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

PATH’s health solutions touched the lives of more than 118 million people around the world in 2012. Our 2012 annual report highlights our milestones in three focus areas: diarrheal disease and pneumonia; family health; and malaria. It also features innovations in technology development and country-based health programs, a financial summary, and information about our donors, leadership, and global presence.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Annual reports

This handbook is an English translation of the Chinese manual created for the China Youth Reproductive Health Project. It includes modules to train counselors in youth-friendly services.

Publication date: February 2004

Region: Asia

A resource for on-the-job training of pharmacy staff that reinforces knowledge about STIs, EC, and regular contraceptive methods as well as provision of youth-friendly services.

Author: Srimuangboon H; Hutchings J; Weldin M

Publication date: 2005

Region: Asia

This annotated bibliography provides a brief summary and citation information for published materials that are relevant to clean-delivery kits.

Author: Wood S

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

This manual is designed for teaching traditional surgeons/circumcisers (ingcibis) and attendants (amakhankatha) about safe male circumcision (MC) practices and how to talk to initiates about social and sexual responsibility during the amaXhosa ceremonial rites of initiation (ulwaluko) into manhood. It is used as part of a training program in the Eastern Cape of South Africa that provides extended post-MC education to young initiates during ulwaluko. In the program, ingcibis and amakhakatha learn key messages of social and sexual responsibility that are intended to be passed on to young initiates as they heal from their circumcision and go through their traditional initiation rites.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

Author: Aquino C; D'Agnes L; Castro J; Borromeo M; Gill K; Schmidt K

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

This case study describes the African Youth Alliance's youth-adult partnerships to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health in Uganda. It includes a description of PATH's behavior change communication intervention in association with the Making Positive Living Attractive to Youth (Ma-PLAY) group that leveraged adults' important role and young people's imagination, wisdom, and power to create a "culture of health" among Kampala's youth.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

This document provides an overview of seven impact evaluation studies conducted for the China Youth Reproductive Health Project. Summaries of these results for each of the individual studies are also available, as are the full evaluation documents.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

This poster was presented by PATH's India Microbicide Project at the Microbicides 2004 Conference in London. It describes ciclopiroxolamine, a vaginal product with microbicide potential. Ciclopiroxolamine is a unique microbicide candidate with a long history of proven safety in clinical use as a vaginal and skin product with anti-infective properties. It is already formulated, manufactured, and marketed worldwide in vaginal products. (This project was active from January 2002 to June 2006. It is on hold pending support to obtain additional data on anti-HIV activity.)

Author: Zaneveld LJ; Waller D; Sellors J; Camus-Bablon F

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

This document provides a timeline of the Clean Delivery Kit project at PATH.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Global

This job aid discusses cleaning and disinfection of thermal cautery equipment for vasectomy.

Author: Y. Seamans

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes the current project on cold chain technologies at PATH.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

Author: Aquino C; D'Agnes L; Castro J; Borromeo M; Schmidt K; Gill K

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Developed as part of a project aimed at strengthening the provision of reproductive health services for young people at pharmacies, this job aid aims to remind pharmacy staff of key points about ongoing contraceptive methods for their discussions with young clients.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

This report is part of the Cervical Cancer Prevention: Practical Experience Series on the RHO Cervical Cancer website. It offers practical information to countries that plan to pilot, expand, or scale up human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programs. The main focus is on issues specific to HPV vaccination, such as working with a young adolescent target population in school settings and developing community support for HPV vaccination programs.

Publication date: 2011

Region: Global

This document provides evidence from a study in Zimbabwe that demonstrates the correspondence between serum retinol and retionol-binding protein in estimating the prevalence of and screening for vitamin A deficiency.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

This document briefly describes the core components needed to introduce and use needle removers in a safe and sustainable manner.

Author: Berman A

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

PATH and Vietnam's National Expanded Program on Immunization pilot tested the use of a needle-remover device in rural Vietnam. This fact sheet reports on health workers' experience that needle removers were easy to operate, safe, and effective for treating contaminated syringes at health centers and in the community.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

This document is part of a series that describes the serious risk of freezing vaccines and provides tools to reduce freezing in the cold chain. The materials contain current WHO-recommended freeze-prevention strategies targeted toward all levels of storage and transport of vaccines.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Developed as part of a project aimed at strengthening the provision of reproductive health services for young people at pharmacies, this job aid aims to remind pharmacy staff of the indications for the use of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), and to suggest steps in providing ECPs for young clients in Thanh Hoa.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

Developed as part of a project aimed at strengthening the provision of reproductive health services for young people at pharmacies, this leaflet aims to provide necessary information on emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), and increase youth's awareness about EC service at pharmacies.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

A growing body of research supports that protection of privacy and confidentiality is a priority factor in whether clients access RH information, counseling, and services. When clients experience violations of privacy or confidentiality they are more likely to drop out of services. This manual is designed to enable clinic staff at all levels to better support and protect the right of clients to privacy and confidentiality. It includes a training module; job aids; and supporting documents (that includes a list of resources related to privacy and confidentiality).

Author: Bruce L

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

WHO, UNFPA, and other agencies have collaborated to establish a common nonproprietary list of essential reproductive health medicines. This introductory guide is a companion to that work and provides an overview of the process for including reproductive health medicines on national essential medicines lists at the country level based on the essential medicines concept. The guide also presents the rationale for including these medicines on national essential medicines lists.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

PATH and the Vietnam Ministry of Health implemented a six-month demonstration project in Huong Khe District, Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam, to assess the acceptability, performance, and impact on waste disposal of a manual needle remover introduced at commune health centers. The results of this demonstration project will enable the Vietnam National Immunization Program to explore alternative methods that may be more effective and appropriate than current practices for managing medical waste at the commune level. This report provides background, methodology, results, discussion, and references associated with an evaluation of the project.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

This document is part of a series that describes the serious risk of freezing vaccines and provides tools to reduce freezing in the cold chain. The materials contain current WHO-recommended freeze-prevention strategies targeted toward all levels of storage and transport of vaccines.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This study provided the first evidence of the biological comparability between serum retinol levels estimated from venous blood and capillary blood. This critical observation provides empirical evidence that this important indicator of vitamin A status may be measured from capillary blood, which has important implications for nonclinical population-based research.

Author: Gorstein J; Dary O; Pongtorn; Shell-Duncan B; Quick T; Hix J; Kandavasee; Wasanwisut E

Publication date: 2005

Region: Asia

This issue of Outlook provides new information about the female condom as presented at the September 2005 Global Consultation on the Female Condom. Topics include evidence of the female condom's effectiveness for prevention of STIs and pregnancy, issues related to expanding access and use, and gaps in the knowledge base. Successful program examples and a detailed table of female condoms currently available or under development are also presented.

Author: Shane B

Publication date: May 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

More than 100 experts from 15 countries met in Baltimore, Maryland, in September 2005 at the Global Consultation on the Female Condom (GCFC) to discuss the status of the female condom worldwide and to develop a plan of action to build support for the method. This document answers key questions about the female condom and builds on the momentum created at the GCFC by presenting evidence of the female condom's effectiveness and impact, identifying current challenges to wider use, and indicating the steps that need to be taken now to develop strong female condom programs worldwide.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This report explores female genital mutilation (FGM) practices, evaluates approaches to abandoning the practice, describes the roles of various stakeholders in the abandonment process, and shares lessons learned from FGM abandonment programs.

Author: Mateshi J; Sass J

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

This document provides a final report, including summary and recommendations, on a regional workshop to discuss cold chain management issues, particularly regarding their impact on vaccine availability and effectiveness. The workshop was organized by PATH and UNICEF's Regional Office for Latin America & the Caribbean; it was held May 31 through June 2, 2006, in Panama City.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

Author: Catlin M; Crook B

Publication date: 2000

Region: Global

The USAID-funded Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative has six developed job aids to help educate individuals about the harmful effects of postpartum hemorrhage and the proper use of active management of the third stage of labor. Prevention and Initial Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage is available as one large file and two smaller files for easier downloading.

Author: Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative (POPPHI)

Publication date: December 2008

Region: Global

This training curriculum for tuberculosis (TB) health care workers introduces principles of interpersonal communication and counseling of clients on TB and HIV and provides practical experience in TB and HIV counseling skills in a three-day workshop. The training package also includes PowerPoint presentations on parts 1, 2, and 4 for the trainers; and handouts for the participants.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Eastern Europe

This guide was designed to help managers and behavior change communication specialists support program staff, particularly those in the field, by providing a step-by-step process for how to develop a monitoring system that is responsive to the needs of local partners, program staff, and managers.

Author: Gill K; Emah E; Fua I

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

Poster describing how to conduct the shake test to determine whether a vaccine has been frozen. This document is part of a series that describes the serious risk of freezing vaccines and provides tools to reduce freezing in the cold chain. The materials contain current WHO-recommended freeze-prevention strategies targeted toward all levels of storage and transport of vaccines.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Poster describing how to conduct the shake test to determine whether a vaccine in Uniject has been frozen. This document is part of a series that describes the serious risk of freezing vaccines and provides tools to reduce freezing in the cold chain. The materials contain current WHO-recommended freeze-prevention strategies targeted toward all levels of storage and transport of vaccines.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Historical profile on the PATH development and advancement of the HIV dipstick.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: North America and Europe

Historical profile on the PATH development and advancement of point-of-care diagnostic tests.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: North America and Europe

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes the HIV dipstick project at PATH.

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This issue of Outlook describes the latest research findings regarding whether there is a relationship between hormonal contraception and HIV acquisition, transmission, or progression. It also explores the effects of hormonal contraception on women living with HIV/AIDS and discusses how reproductive health programs can respond to emerging information.

Author: Weil B

Publication date: March 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Author: Lasher H; Jacobson J

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This overview describes how PATH has developed a low-cost and straightforward technology for protecting aluminum-adjuvanted liquid vaccines from the irreversible damage that results from freezing. Many current vaccines of importance to global health contain an aluminum salt adjuvant or its equivalent (such as aluminum hydroxide, aluminum phosphate, or calcium phosphate) and would benefit from the technology.

Publication date: October 2012

Region: Global

Vaccines for the Future provides quarterly updates on our efforts to accelerate the development of innovative, safe, effective, and affordable vaccines against pneumonia (pneumococcal disease) and diarrheal disease (rotavirus, Shigella, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli), as well as new vaccines for the global population against influenza, meningitis, polio, and respiratory syncytial virus. It includes updates on our progress, partnerships, and specific activities related to these projects.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: E-newsletters

These documents report on a study to evaluate the impact of life-planning skills training, peer education, and youth-friendly services on the sexual and reproductive health knowledge and attitudes of vocational school students in China. A full report is provided in English, with summaries in both English and Chinese.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: Asia

These documents report on a study to evaluate the impact of the ChinaYouth Reproductive Health Project implemented in Harbin City. The study included (1) documenting cooperation with the Education Bureau and institutionalization of life-planning skills (LPS) training in schools, (2) documenting the process of facilitator training, the effect of the training, and the role of trained facilitators in the project, and (3) assessing the impact of LPS education on school students. A full report is provided in English, with summaries in both English and Chinese.

Publication date: March 2005

Region: Asia

These documents describe a study to evaluate the impact of sexual and reproductive health education using life-planning skills training among senior high school students in Shangcai, a county with high HIV prevalence in China. A full report is provided in English, with summaries in both English and Chinese.

Publication date: August 2005

Region: Asia

The World Health Organization (WHO) , in collaboration with medical experts and women's reproductive health advocates from around the world, has developed medical eligibility criteria that give sound guidance on the safety of contraceptive methods for various categories of users. With WHO's permission, PATH translated this document into Russian. These evidence-based criteria are designed to increase access to contraceptive use for appropriate candidates, while maintaining required levels of safety. The document provides recommendations for appropriate medical eligibility criteria based on the latest clinical and epidemiological data and is intended to be used by policy makers, family planning program managers, and the scientific community. PATH accepts full responsibility for the quality of the translation. The English version can be found on the WHO website.

Publication date: 2000

Region: Eastern Europe

Ukraine project descriptions

Author: Bishop A

Publication date: 2005

Region: Eastern Europe

This fact sheet describes PATH's training of 70 immunization program supervisors in Vietnam's Ha Tinh Province to use supportive supervision methods, leading to immediate and significant improvements in performance.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

This issue of Outlook looks at the role pharmacists and pharmacy staff play in providing health care services, particularly those related to reproductive health. The issue addresses a number of important topics related to this theme, including accessibility, pharmacists as primary health care providers, reproductive health needs, health care referrals, social marketing, training, building pharmacist capacity through innovative programs, pharmacists and youth, pharmacists and EC, and critical considerations.

Author: Beitz J

Publication date: September 2004

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

In areas such as Southeast Asia with a high incidence of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B, WHO recommends a birth dose of the vaccine for all children. Hepatitis B vaccine is typically kept refrigerated, within the cold chain. This fact sheet reports on an effort by PATH and Vietnam's National Expanded Program on Immunization to increase coverage rates for the vaccine in Thanh Hoa Province through a new strategy?storing the vaccine outside of the cold chain and using vaccine vial monitors to confirm that the vaccine continued to confer effective protection.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

In this publication you will find a fact sheet that describes the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Project in Ukraine.

Author: Gamazina K; Mogilevkina I; Bishop A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

This document reports on a qualitative assessment of the information, education, and communication (IEC) materials that are available on the subject of care and support of PLWHA in Vietnam. The assessment included a review of existing home-based care-giving activities and the roles that professional and nonprofessional caregivers (e.g., family members) play in addressing the day-to-day needs of PLWHA. This report provides detailed information about existing government and international responses to this problem, shares the responses of PLWHA to questions about a range of related issues, and comments in detail on the IEC resources that exist to support care for PLWHA.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

Violence Against Women: The Health Sector Responds provides a strategy for addressing this complex problem and concrete approaches for carrying it out. It was developed for those on the front lines and for decision-makers who are developing policies and resources. The book should motivate health providers and leaders to more directly confront the issue of gender-related violence and ensure support to affected women. The document is available as one large file or, for faster downloading, four smaller files.

Author: Velzeboer M, Ellsberg M, Clavel Arcas C, García-Moreno C

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes the Woman's Condom project at PATH.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This comprehensive manual provides information about multiple aspects of delivery kit projects. Detailed discussions and practical work tools help programs decide whether they should develop a basic delivery kit project -- and, if so, how they can plan, assemble, distribute, and promote the kits. The guide is available for downloading as one large file or as seven smaller files.

Author: Crook B

Publication date: 2001

Region: Global

Building Connections describes the structures and dynamics of relationships and networks, and of program approaches that influence youth behaviors. It is designed for field application by program practitioners, researchers, and academics interested in familiarizing themselves with the concepts and practice of social network research. The document is available for downloading as one large file or two smaller files.

Author: Bond K

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This set of capacity-building resources is designed to help organizations integrate youth sexual and reproductive health (YSRH) into ongoing programs, or to introduce YSRH as a new program area. Content is designed to encourage programmers to consider "new generation" approaches that respond to the evolving needs of young people, strengthen skills in key program areas, and build partnerships and network that result in a critical mass of development staff who can effectively respond to young people's need. Due to the document's size, the material is available for downloading as one large file or as as six smaller files.

Author: Bond K; Levack A; Pownall C; Gerber W; Savage W

Publication date: 2003

Region: Asia

Author: Lloyd J; Wittet S; Lasher H

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

This publication is a comprehensive discussion of developing print materials for programs to use to reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. It is available for downloading as one large file or as five smaller files.

Author: Zimmerman M; Larivee C; Quiroga R; Gopinath CY; Ringheim K; Wood S; Wilson A; Daunas P; Bruce L; Sedlak P

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

The four issues of this newsletter address emergency contraception (EC) and reproductive health (RH) topics of interest to health care providers, program managers, and decision-makers in the Eastern Europe and Newly Independent States region. The content is based in part (with permission) on the Emergency Contraception Newsletter published twice a year by the International Consortium for Emergency Contraception and the American Society for Emergency Contraception. Topics include questions and answers, international EC news, regional EC and RH news, research results and technical updates, recent publications, meetings and events listings, and links to further resources. Available in English and Russian.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Eastern Europe

The four issues of this newsletter address emergency contraception (EC) and reproductive health (RH) topics of interest to health care providers, program managers, and decision-makers in the Eastern Europe and Newly Independent States region. The content is based in part (with permission) on the Emergency Contraception Newsletter published twice a year by the International Consortium for Emergency Contraception and the American Society for Emergency Contraception. Topics include questions and answers, international EC news, regional EC and RH news, research results and technical updates, recent publications, meetings and events listings, and links to further resources. Available in English and Russian.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Eastern Europe

The four issues of this newsletter address emergency contraception (EC) and reproductive health (RH) topics of interest to health care providers, program managers, and decision-makers in the Eastern Europe and Newly Independent States region. The content is based in part (with permission) on the Emergency Contraception Newsletter published twice a year by the International Consortium for Emergency Contraception and the American Society for Emergency Contraception. Topics include questions and answers, international EC news, regional EC and RH news, research results and technical updates, recent publications, meetings and events listings, and links to further resources. Available in English and Russian.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Eastern Europe

The four issues of this newsletter address emergency contraception (EC) and reproductive health (RH) topics of interest to health care providers, program managers, and decision-makers in the Eastern Europe and Newly Independent States region. The content is based in part (with permission) on the Emergency Contraception Newsletter published twice a year by the International Consortium for Emergency Contraception and the American Society for Emergency Contraception. Topics include questions and answers, international EC news, regional EC and RH news, research results and technical updates, recent publications, meetings and events listings, and links to further resources. Available in English and Russian.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Eastern Europe

Produced by PATH and the World Health Organization, this guide draws on the experience of researchers from more than 40 countries and presents methods for performing surveys and qualitative research on gender-based violence in low-resource settings. It covers all aspects of the research process, from study design to training field workers. It also describes ways to use findings to influence decision-makers. Most important, it presents clear guidelines for protecting the safety of women participating in the research. The guide is available as one large file or as 16 smaller files for easier downloading.

Author: Ellsberg M, Heise L

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

This wallet-sized brochure provides basic information about emergency contraception for women and men. The online versions are intended to be printed out double-sided, trimmed, and folded. Packets of 100 copies of the printed editions also may be purchased from this website by using the "Order form for PATH's emergency contraception materials."

Publication date: May 2012

Region: North America and Europe

The focus of this guide is on developing educational materials for use in programs to reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS. The primary audience comprises public and private agencies and individuals working in STI and HIV prevention education in Eurasian countries. The recommended methodologies described in this guide are applicable to print materials as well as audiovisual or mass media materials for almost any population group. The Russian version edition was adapted from several previous publications, namely, the Immunization and Child Health Materials Development Guide (PATH, 2001) and Developing Materials on HIV/AIDS and STIs for Low-Literate Audiences (FHI/PATH, 2002).

Publication date: 2003

Region: Eastern Europe

This is a trifold brochure for the Entre Amigas project, which works with girls 10 to 14 years old. Entre Amigas helps them take on responsibility for their own lives (particularly in the areas of sexuality and reproduction) and fosters a suitably enabling environment.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Latin America

This brochure is intended for mothers involved in the Entre Amigas project. Entre Amigas works with girls 10 to 14 years old, to help promote responsibility for their own lives (particularly in the areas of sexuality and reproduction) and foster a suitably enabling environment.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Latin America

This illustrated job aid provides a quick reference for providers using the nevirapine infant-dose pouch in programs for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT).

Author: Berman A; Brooke S

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This case study describes PATH's work in Zanzibar with the African Youth Alliance (AYA). AYA played a crucial role in ensuring that adolescent sexual and reproductive health concerns be included in the government?s national vocational education and training (VET) policy. AYA staff members also provided ongoing technical and financial support to the country?s government, nongovernmental organizations, and its private sector facilitating the pilot integration of a Life Planning Skills curriculum into VET centres. In doing so, AYA staff built local capacity and set the stage for scaling-up and institutionalizing youth-focused policy implementation, to ultimately ensure a broad, positive, and sustainable impact on the lives of Zanzibari youth.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

This case study describes the African Youth Alliance's support of Botswana's Ghetto Artists Productions (GAP). In 2001, program staff selected GAP as a member of the partnership; and after project design and budget negotiations, GAP began work to reach young people in and around Francistown.GAP has contributed to positive behavior change among young people in the Francistown area and has had a larger impact in the community, proving to political leaders, religious leaders, headmasters, teachers, and parents that young people can play a significant leadership role in positive community change, and that their contribution is key to improving sexual and reproductive health, including the fight against HIV/AIDS.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

This fact sheet provides a side-by-side comparison of internationally available vaccines against Japanese encephalitis, including information on dosage, cost, and supply.

Author: Hills S

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

This one-page flyer provides clear and essential information about emergency contraception. The document can be downloaded in the languages below. Packets of 100 copies also may be purchased from this website by using the "Order form for PATH's emergency contraception materials."

Author: Hutchings J

Publication date: May 2012

Region: North America and Europe

This fact sheet describes issues relating to women's cultural, emotional, and practical needs pertaining to cervical cancer prevention.

Publication date: 2002

Region: Global

This publication describes Lights of Hope, a stand-alone National Tuberculosis Communication Strategy for use in Kenya in the fight against tuberculosis (TB). It is based on a study of health-seeking behaviours among Kenyans, strategy design workshops with stakeholders, and meetings with frontline TB workers.It presents a strategy for reducing the impact of TB in Kenya through communication strategies aimed at behavior change.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Africa

This issue of Directions in Global Health describes PATH's work to control and prevent diarrheal disease, reach out to young scouts in Kenya and Uganda with HIV/AIDS information, assess the impact of malaria control efforts in Zambia, conduct DHS surveys, and shape HPV vaccine introduction in Peru.

Author: PATH

Publication date: December 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This case study reports on the five-year collaboration between PATH and the Government of Andhra Pradesh, India, as we worked to find solutions for appropriate, legal, and effective solutions for disposing of immunization waste from Andhra Pradesh?s 1,400 primary health centers and 12,500 health subcenters.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

Game board and manual for the translated and adapted version of PATH's "Safari of Life" game on adolescent sexual and reproductive health. The manual is available as one large file and as seven smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Latin America

This report, carried out under PATH's Entre Amigas project, describes the methodology and results of qualitative study and qualitative survey carried out as a baseline study on a population of 600 girls ages 10-14 years, living in Ciudad Sandino, Managua, Nicaragua. The baseline findings informed the Entre Amigas program strategy and interventions.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Latin America

This poster was presented by PATH's India Microbicide Project at the Microbicides 2004 Conference in London. It describes PATH's innovative approach to microbicide development, including (1) starting with products already marketed in India to determine whether any could be used to prevent HIV and/or common microbial infections, and (2) introducing a microbicide using an "escalating claim" strategy. (This project was active from February 2002 to June 2006.)

Author: Camus-Bablon F; Vail J; Zaneveld LJ; Waller D

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

In Vietnam, abortion is widely available and used. This fact sheet describes a study conducted by PATH and the Vietnamese Ministry of Health to provide cost information to decision-makers looking to expand access to a choice of safe abortion methods, including medical abortion (using the drugs mifepristone and misoprostol).

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

This manual provides information on using cohort analysis.

Author: Dadu A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

HIV/AIDS and its cross-border transmission in the Mekong region is a growing problem. In response to this problem, PATH, supported by the United States Department of State, implemented the project entitled "Catalyzing Cross-Border HIV/AIDS Prevention in the Southern China Border Region." The project aimed to attract the attention of different stakeholders on both sides of the border to develop The Action Plan to deal with this epidemic. There was a lack of clear understanding of local situations to develop a comprehensive action plan that was locally and culturally appropriate, feasible, and effective. Three cross-border sites, therefore, were selected to conduct the needs assessment: Vietnam, China, and Myanmar. This report presents the findings from Lao Cai and Lang Son provinces in Vietnam.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Asia

This poster presentation describes the research conducted using four focus group discussions to analyze information about the needs of HIV-positive pregnant women and mothers in Ukraine. The focus groups consisted of a total of 27 HIV-positive mothers who delivered babies in the previous two years in Sevastopol and Mykolayiv, Ukraine. This poster was presented at the XVI AIDS conference in Toronto, August 13-18, 2006.

Author: Okromeshko S; Zaika N; Mogilevkina I; Bishop A; Stekhin K

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

This handbook is an English translation of the Chinese manual created for the China Youth Reproductive Health Project. It includes modules for facilitators to conduct life-planning skills training for young people.

Publication date: February 2004

Region: Asia

Developed as part of a project aimed at strengthening the provision of reproductive health services for young people at pharmacies, this job aid aims to strengthen the knowledge of pharmacy staff of the options to offer clients for managing unintended pregnancies, and provides a list of youth friendly services in Thanh Hoa.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Asia

Commercial markets are a viable model for selling some products to the very poor in Cambodia. But can household water treatment and storage products be provided in the same way? This fact sheet discusses the results of an analysis of distribution and marketing channels in Cambodia, conducted by PATH, to help answer that question.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Asia

This paper focuses on PATH's product introduction activities. It also outlines the lessons learned and principles used to measure the impact of our efforts to reach underserved populations and improve global health.

Author: Goodyear L; Harner-Jay C; Burns M

Publication date: 2007

Region: Global

This document outlines PATH's work with private-sector partners to make appropriate household water treatment and storage products accessible and affordable for low-income families.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Asia

This document provides a summary of the pilot introduction project in Kenya to provide nevirapine syrup to mothers prior to delivery to assist with the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Publication date: October 2006

Region: Global

This publication provides a fact sheet on the STI and HIV Prevention (SHIP) Project in Georgia.

Author: Gamazina K; Wood S; Bishop A

Publication date: 2006

Region: Eastern Europe

This zipped set of materials includes background information on the freezing problem (two literature reviews and a PowerPoint presentation), posters and stickers ready for use in the vaccine store and clinic, and a sample protocol for a vaccine freeze study and the results of a study in Indonesia.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

These labels for the nevirapine infant-dose pouch give instructions for handling and administering the medication; they include a place for health workers to record the expiration date. These labels are available in the following formats: English-language for A4-sized label stock, English-language for 8 ? x 11-inch label stock, and Kiswahili-language for A4-sized label stock.

Author: Berman A; Brooke S

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This case profile of the vaccine vial monitor (VVM) is the first in a series of profiles intended to illustrate the product introduction process.

Author: Kristensen D; Burns M

Publication date: 2007

Region: Global

Publication date: 2006

Region: Asia

This fact sheet provides information about the partnerships and commitments that helped the Government of India introduce a landmark strategy to vaccinate children at highest risk of Japanese encephalitis. Campaigns in 2006 reached more than 9 million children, and the target population in 2007 exceeds 23 million.

Author: Phillips D

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

This document is part of a series that describes the serious risk of freezing vaccines and provides tools to reduce freezing in the cold chain. The materials contain current WHO-recommended freeze-prevention strategies targeted toward all levels of storage and transport of vaccines.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop a rapid, easy-to-read, low-cost test for malaria.

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop rapid tests for cervical cancer.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This document serves as a guide to phlebotomists and a training aid in the proper methods of obtaining blood samples for analysis by the retinol-binding protein enzyme immunoassay (RBP-EIA) used in testing for vitamin A deficiency.

Publication date: 2005

Region: Global

This case study documents the implementation from November 2001 to September 2005 of the China Youth Reproductive Health project by the Guangdong Provincial Highway Company, a division of the Guangdong Transportation Group. Project processes, outcomes, and challenges related to implementation of life-planning skills training and other project activities are shared.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: Asia

Beijing was one of 14 China Youth Reproductive Health project sites. This case study describes the collaborative efforts of the Beijing Family Planning Association and the department of education in various schools. It also summarizes the lessons learned from the school-based training course in life-planning skills.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: Asia

These documents describe a study to evaluate youth-friendly service centers at different levels under the China Youth Reproductive Health Project. The study evaluated the centers' service provision and service utilization, analyzed the needs of adolescents, and identified improvements needed in Shanghai's youth services. A full report is provided in English, with summaries in both English and Chinese.

Publication date: May 2005

Region: Asia

Launched in 2007, this Spanish-language website provides information, news, and resources to help health sectors in Latin America and the Caribbean respond to gender-based violence.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Latin America

Part of series: Websites

This fact sheet describes the partnership between PATH and three water treatment device manufacturers who have created new water filters based on PATH's prototype.

Publication date: December 2012

Region: Global

The GEOVAC software application is a tool designed to help personnel of regional level centers of public health and the National Center for Disease Control in Georgia process a large flow of immunization-related data in much less time than the previous (manual) system. This document illustrates GEOVAC functions, relating them to the features of the upgraded Georgian immunization information system and demonstrating what it can offer immunization managers in the decision making process. It is designed primarily for policymakers in countries planning to strengthen their immunization and/or surveillance systems, donor organizations that can support such reforms, and agencies working in these technical areas.

Author: Luchitsky A; Romanyuk G

Publication date: 2004

Region: Eastern Europe

This comprehensive assessment of the Georgian vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) surveillance system identifies major problems in the Georgian health system that limit the ability of current surveillance efforts to provide quality information to guide public health actions.

Publication date: 2002

Region: Eastern Europe

Publication date: 2003

Region: Global

Author: Smith T; Wittet S

Publication date: 2000

Region: Global

Part of series: CVP Occasional Papers

Dr. Chilandu Mukuka, the deputy coordinator of the Zambia Ministry of Health's National Malaria Control Programme, reflects on the stresses inherent to rapidly making the range of malaria interventions available at the national level and the remarkable progress being made on malaria control in Zambia.

Author: Herdman C

Publication date: July 2007

Region: Africa

This four-page brochure describes PATH's work in tuberculosis, including our project portfolio, project locations, and key partners.

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Global

Use this form to purchase bulk quantities of the "Key Facts" and "Just Had Sex?" brochures about emergency contraception.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: North America and Europe

In 2006, UNICEF, the Peruvian Ministry of Health, and PATH performed an evaluation in Peru to assess perceptions of acceptability and safety of automatic retractable syringes in an immunization setting and their affect on waste disposal. The evaluation showed that retractable syringes were seen as a reliable, easy-to-use, preferred alternative to standard disposables in the campaign setting. The evaluation also found that retractable syringes have the potential to improve the safe management of sharps waste.

Publication date: October 2008

Region: Global

This issue of Directions in Global Health profiles five aspects of PATH's work: our regional efforts to control tuberculosis, the development of and new applications for the Uniject device, a study evaluating storage of hepatitis B vaccine outside of the cold chain, promotion of condom use among young people, and PATH's procurement team.

Publication date: January 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This factsheet introduces PATH’s work in Vietnam to design and implement approaches to working with private-sector providers as a way to increase access to existing TB and HIV case detection, treatment, and prevention services.

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Asia

PATH, with support from the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the Global Fund, and the Capacity Project, is currently working in Kenya to scale up tuberculosis and HIV activities in 15 districts and at the national level. This fact sheet details PATH's achievements in the field, with a special focus on community involvement.

Author: Kembe J

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Africa

PATH's TB/HIV Project in Tanzania spearheads the scale-up of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV services in four different regions of the country. The project works in collaboration with the National TB and Leprosy Programme, the National AIDS Control Programme, the Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania, the US Agency for International Development, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and other stakeholders. This article is a snapshot of PATH's TB/HIV work in Tanzania.

Author: Makame M

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Africa

PATH has worked successfully in tuberculosis control in Ukraine in close collaboration with local, national, and international partners since its work as a subcontractor to the World Health Organization (WHO). With support from the US Agency for International Development, PATH is now expanding comprehensive activities to expand DOTS in eight regions of the country. This article outlines project goals, accomplishments, and partners.

Author: Gamazina K, Okromeshko S

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Eastern Europe

This poster provides an overview of PATH’s work to scale up detection, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS in Tanzania.

Author: Makame M

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Africa

This highly illustrated manual provides a complete orientation to procuring goods and services for health and family planning programs in Bangladesh. It describes the key steps of procurement and includes an overview of the World Bank's role in financing programs, a list of resources, a list of acronyms, a glossary, and summaries of the HPSP Development Credit Agreement and World Bank procurement guidelines.

Author: Woodle D, Dickens T, Fox J

Publication date: June 2003

Region: Asia

This highly illustrated manual is designed to help suppliers and consultants understand the documents and procedures they will encounter when they compete for Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) contracts financed wholly or in part by the World Bank's International Development Association.The manual explains the contracting sequence for goods and services, explains how to prepare bids or proposals, and describes procedures for awards and financial arrangements. The manual includes important background information about the World Bank, a list of resources, a list of acronyms, and a glossary.

Author: Woodle D, Dickens T, Fox J

Publication date: June 2003

Region: Asia

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's work in maternal and child health.

Publication date: December 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

This fact sheet summarizes PATH's work to curb emerging and epidemic diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. Topic areas include advancing technologies to improve prevention, diagnosis, and treatment; strengthening health systems; encouraging healthy behaviors; and mobilizing and supporting our partners.

Publication date: September 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

In the field of safe injection, PATH has served for more than 20 years in a global leadership role, championing improved approaches to injection safety for the developing world. This document summarizes PATH's safe injection work over the past 10 years and includes information related to the development of policies and standards for injection safety as well as a list of safe injection technology evaluations conducted by PATH. This document also contains a list of PATH reports, peer-reviewed journal articles, and technical resources published over the past ten years.

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Global

This fact sheet highlights PATH's work to address family planning needs, provide better methods of protection against sexually transmitted infections and HIV, and improve diagnosis and treatment of women's cancers in low-resource settings.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

This fact sheet outlines PATH's work on vaccines and immunization. Topic areas include developing affordable vaccines, designing innovative vaccine technologies, and expanding uptake of existing vaccines. These efforts reduce the burden of malaria, meningitis, diarrheal disease, Japanese encephalitis, pneumococcal disease, influenza, rotavirus, polio, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and other infectious diseases in developing countries.

Publication date: December 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's work to adapt, design, develop, and advance health technologies to improve global health.

Publication date: December 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

This fact sheet provides an update on the activities of the PATH Rotavirus Vaccine Program, which aims to dramatically reduce the typical 10- to 15-year timeline between introduction of new vaccines in wealthy countries and their availability in the developing world. Activities include measuring disease burden, determining vaccine efficacy and safety in developing countries, communicating the value of rotavirus vaccines, and generating information on the health economics of rotavirus vaccination.

Author: Phillips D

Publication date: April 2007

Region: Global

This fact sheet aims to raise awareness about zinc, a new treatment for diarrhea. One in a set of introductory resources, it provides stakeholders and policymakers in the world’s poorest countries with crucial information on a new tool to fight diarrheal disease.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

This fact sheet aims to raise awareness about two new vaccines against rotavirus, a major cause of diarrheal disease. One in a set of introductory resources, it provides stakeholders and policymakers in the world’s poorest countries with crucial information on new tools to fight diarrheal disease.

Publication date: January 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

This fact sheet aims to raise awareness about breastfeeding to prevent and treat diarrhea. One in a set of introductory resources, it provides stakeholders and policymakers in the world’s poorest countries with crucial information on a proven intervention in the fight against diarrheal disease.

Publication date: September 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

This fact sheet aims to raise awareness about oral rehydration therapy to rehydrate people—particularly infants and children—who have lost fluids because of diarrhea. One in a set of introductory resources, it provides stakeholders and policymakers in the world’s poorest countries with crucial information on a proven intervention in the fight against diarrheal disease.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

Available on CD-ROM, this interactive tool addresses the Indian regulatory systems for product approval in the areas of drugs, vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, medical devices and diagnostics, and biofortified foods. It compares the Indian and US Food and Drugs approval processes; lists key institutions and individuals in India involved in regulatory approvals; lists organizations, committees, and groups that are part of the regulatory system; and provides a database of referenced extracts of key legislations, forms, and templates. This interactive tool allows users to build and analyze various scenarios of product approval applications. Easy-to-navigate and hyperlinked flowcharts provide indicative timelines for approvals, so users can map the various stages in the approval process.

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Asia

This policy brief describes the study objectives, methodology, and findings from the PATH Convergence Project in India. The brief includes recommendations for developing a national policy in India to converge HIV and reproductive health services for people with HIV and for those most at risk.

Publication date: January 2008

Region: Asia

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on the use of chlorhexidine for umbilical cord care.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop a simple, affordable test for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work in safe water, specifically on household drinking water and storage products.

Publication date: April 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

In November 2006, more than 100 community activists, advocates, researchers, service providers, health care professionals, and practitioners gathered in Kampala, Uganda, for a first-of-its-kind meeting on strengthening regional work on gender-based violence. Participants from 15 countries discussed innovative interventions, unexpected challenges, and lessons learned from their collective experiences in the field.The meeting was a collaborative initiative of PATH, Raising Voices, the Gender-Based Violence Prevention Network, the Interagency Gender Working Group, and the East Africa Regional Office of the US Agency for International Development. This report synthesizes the workshops, presentations, and discussions that were held over the two days.

Publication date: January 2008

Region: Africa

PATH has evaluated a variety of reusable neonatal resuscitators, including both bag-and-mask and tube-and-mask designs. This guide is divided into two sections: the first identifies resuscitators that are priced at less than US$30 each, and the second identifies those that are priced at more than $30 each. It also describes the criteria used during the device evaluation, evaluation results for each device, and suggestions for choosing a resuscitator. The guide is available in two formats: one for booklet-style printing and one for onscreen viewing.

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

This briefing paper provides an overview of the tools and interventions involved with an integrated approach to diarrheal disease control, including vaccines, oral rehydration, breastfeeding, and zinc treatment. The document also advocates for renewed commitment at global, regional, and national levels.

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

The Cold Chain Equipment Manager (CCEM) is a Microsoft Access–based software tool. It is accompanied by a user manual, data collection questionnaires, a surveyor’s guide to these questionnaires, and an equipment identification guide. CCEM also comes with practice files, providing new users with practice data to demonstrate how CCEM will analyze cold chain equipment data and facilitate multiyear equipment planning. CCEM version 2.1 is available for download (see below) or, to request a copy on CD, email CCEMinfo@path.org.

Publication date: January 2012

Region: Global

This two-page fact sheet details the procurement systems strengthening work that PATH has done over two decades in over 30 countries.

Publication date: June 2008

Region: Global

This newsletter provides an overview of programs within and outside of India that are converging or integrating sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and HIV/AIDS services. It also shares some of the successes, challenges, and best practices emerging from these programs. It is available in two formats: one for onscreen viewing and one for booklet-style printing.

Publication date: April 2009

Region: Asia

Part of series: HIV-SRH Convergence newsletters

This issue of Outlook discusses the emerging chronic disease burden in developing countries with a focus on cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, and the risk factor of obesity. The newsletter addresses relationships between chronic diseases and reproductive health, such as hypertension and diabetes in pregnancy, and contraceptive choice for women with cardiovascular conditions and risk factors.

Author: Drake JK

Publication date: July 2009

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Financing the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and mobilizing resources to support new delivery mechanisms will constitute some of the most significant challenges to achieving widespread HPV vaccination in the developing world. Country decision-makers will need to weigh the value of HPV vaccines against other national health priorities, against other vaccines entering the market, and, for some countries, against expanding coverage of existing vaccines. With these cost and financing obstacles resolved, developing countries would be able to build robust programs to immunize adolescents and thus dramatically reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.

Publication date: December 2007

Region: Global

This fact sheet highlights PATH's work to advance the development of new vaccines against influenza that are affordable and accessible for the developing world.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Global

This guide summarizes considerations for rotavirus vaccine introduction in Eastern European countries eligible for support from the GAVI Alliance.

Publication date: December 2007

Region: Eastern Europe

This two-page policy brief discusses the benefits of breastfeeding in light of the risk of perinatal HIV transmission. Recommendations include increasing adoption of recent World Health Oragnization guidelines on infant feeding and HIV and extending support to cover the first two years of life.

Publication date: March 2008

Region: Global

This fact sheet highlights PATH's work to address rotavirus, the leading cause of severe diarrheal disease. It includes general information about our efforts to increase access to and effectiveness of existing vaccines, as well as to develop new vaccines.

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

This is part of a series of project briefs discussing the activities, research findings, and field experiences of PATH’s Safe Water Project. The briefs are available in two formats: one for onscreen viewing and one for booklet-style printing.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: January 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This is part of a series of project briefs discussing the activities, research findings, and field experiences of PATH’s Safe Water Project. The project briefs are available in two formats: one for onscreen viewing and one for booklet-style printing.

Author: Snyder B

Publication date: January 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This fact sheet highlights the development of new vaccines through clinical trials and their role in providing safe and effective vaccines.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes PATH's work to eliminate malaria, including expanding the use of lifesaving tools, identifying and developing better diagnostics and drugs, devising new strategies for malaria control, and accelerating the development of malaria vaccines.

Publication date: April 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

This issue of Directions in Global Health profiles our effort to expand access to safe water, particularly in India; a project to improve nutrition for infants and young children; our thermostable vaccine work; surveillance activities for Japanese encephalitis; and our work under the Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition.

Publication date: May 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This document summarizes PATH’s work in Indonesia to sustain best practices among health workers in project provinces through a supportive supervision program.

Publication date: April 2008

Region: Global

This fact sheet provides information about the use of the hormone oxytocin in the Uniject device to prevent postpartum hemorrhage. It summarizes the benefits of using this innovative solution and also provides a success story based on a pilot study conducted in Mali.

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

PATH's Maternal and Newborn Health Technology Initiative, in collaboration with South Africa's KwaZulu Natal Department of Health, produced this essential training video on active management of the third stage of labor. Using real clinical footage, this video presents the information, skills, and practices that birth attendants need to routinely provide this life-saving intervention and prevent postpartum hemorrhage. To obtain free copies of the video on CD-ROM, please email a request to publications@path.org. For optimal viewing of the low-resolution versions posted here, save the files to your hard drive by right-clicking on the links below and selecting “Save target as." Please note: the Clinical Tutorial and Core Topics files require Windows Media Player, available as a free download from Microsoft.

Publication date: January 2008

Region: Global

This curriculum is designed to help youth in Botswana face the challenges of growing up. The set includes a facilitator’s manual and a workbook for participants. The curriculum provides activities that facilitators can use to help young people gain information about themselves and their sexuality (including preventing pregnancy and avoiding sexually transmitted infections and HIV); learn about preparing for the world of work; better understand their feelings about growing up, gender roles, risk taking, sexual behavior, and friendship; and practice making decisions, setting goals, communicating clearly, negotiating for their own health, and not giving into negative peer pressure. The facilitator's manual is available as one large file or as four smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

This curriculum is designed to help youth in Ghana face the challenges of growing up. The set includes a facilitator’s manual and a workbook for participants. The curriculum provides activities that facilitators can use to help young people gain information about themselves and their sexuality (including preventing pregnancy and avoiding sexually transmitted infections and HIV); learn about preparing for the world of work; better understand their feelings about growing up, gender roles, risk taking, sexual behavior, and friendship; and practice making decisions, setting goals, communicating clearly, negotiating for their own health, and not giving into negative peer pressure. The facilitator's manual is available as one large file or as four smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

This curriculum is designed to help youth in Uganda face the challenges of growing up. The set includes a facilitator’s manual and a workbook for participants. The curriculum provides activities that facilitators can use to help young people gain information about themselves and their sexuality (including preventing pregnancy and avoiding sexually transmitted infections and HIV); learn about preparing for the world of work; better understand their feelings about growing up, gender roles, risk taking, sexual behavior, and friendship; and practice making decisions, setting goals, communicating clearly, negotiating for their own health, and not giving into negative peer pressure. The facilitator's manual is available as one large file or as four smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

This curriculum is designed to help youth in Tanzania face the challenges of growing up. The set includes a facilitator’s manual and a workbook for participants. The curriculum provides activities that facilitators can use to help young people gain information about themselves and their sexuality (including preventing pregnancy and avoiding sexually transmitted infections and HIV); learn about preparing for the world of work; better understand their feelings about growing up, gender roles, risk taking, sexual behavior, and friendship; and practice making decisions, setting goals, communicating clearly, negotiating for their own health, and not giving into negative peer pressure. The facilitator's manual is available as one large file or as four smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: 2003

Region: Africa

This job aid provides written and pictoral instruction for health workers for the administration of oxytocin in the Uniject™ injection system.

Publication date: August 2011

Region: Global

PATH’s Vaccine Resource Library (VRL) seeks to gather the world’s best immunization resources in a single, easy-to-use website. The VRL offers a wide variety of high-quality, scientifically accurate documents and links on specific diseases and topics in immunization. It is geared for health professionals in the developing and industrialized worlds, as well as for journalists, policymakers, community leaders, parents, and others interested in vaccine-related resources. The resources found on the VRL are collected from a variety of sources, including news media, scientific journals, and leaders in public health.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Websites

This study by PATH's Japanese encephalitis (JE) project evaluated whether measles vaccine and the live, attenuated JE vaccine can be safely co-administered with no effect on the immunogenicity of either.

Author: Gatchalian S, Jacobson J, Kelly K, Sutee Y, Yaïch M, Yao Y, Zhang L, Zhou B

Publication date: December 2006

Region: Asia

This document summarizes the results of a study among children in the Philippines who received both measles and Japanese encephalitis vaccines at nine months of age. Data for this follow-up study were collected one year post-vaccination.

Author: Gatchalian S, Jacobson J, Kelly K, Sutee Y, Yaïch M, Yao Y, Zhang L, Zhou B

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Asia

This tool was developed to provide a simple, efficient framework for conducting a self-assessment of health care waste-management (HCWM) planning at the national level. By collecting data on key achievements, knowledge, and practices at the district and national levels, the framework allows programs to quickly aggregate data, highlight trends, and identify gaps. A national-level workshop then provides the opportunity to outline next steps for moving the revised HCWM planning agenda forward.

Publication date: May 2008

Region: Global

This document provides specifications for personal protective equipment for medical waste handlers and incinerator operators. It is intended to help with the selection and purchase of locally available equipment and can be adapted to local policies and product availability.

Publication date: January 2010

Region: Global

This fact sheet outlines PATH's pneumococcal vaccine project from a technical perspective. It includes an overview of PATH's vaccine development portfolio and partners to support the development of vaccines against pneumonia and other pneumococcal diseases that can be effective and affordable for children in the developing world.

Publication date: February 2014

Region: Global

This document presents an analysis of safer sharps-waste management activities, including practical options using available or emerging technologies. The analysis includes an estimate of the baseline burden of disease from unsafe injection practices, the proposed solutions' potential impact on burden of disease, and a cost-effectiveness analysis of the proposed solutions.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Global

This fact sheet highlights PATH's multifaceted approach to expanding vaccine solutions against influenza that are optimal for the developing world. It describes our efforts to advance the development of promising new influenza vaccines, gain a better understanding of influenza vaccine performance in children in low-resource countries, and help emerging-country manufacturers produce influenza vaccines for pandemic preparedness.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Global

Financing the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and mobilizing resources to support new delivery mechanisms will constitute some of the most significant challenges to achieving widespread HPV vaccination in the developing world. This brief summarizes the main findings of the longer research publication, HPV Vaccine Adoption in Developing Countries: Cost and Financing Issues.

Publication date: December 2007

Region: Global

To increase access to safe drinking water and reduce the incidence of waterborne diseases, PATH’s Safe Water Project has been exploring the potential of market-based approaches to provide clean water for low- and middle-income households. The goal of the project's product development work has been to understand user needs and preferences around household water treatment and storage, foster widespread demand for and availability of new and/or improved products, and raise the bar for the affordability, quality, value, and performance of these products. This report focuses on the results of user research in Tanzania.

Publication date: January 2013

Region: Africa

Part of series: Africa User Research in Water & Sanitation reports

In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), PATH and our partners are implementing the DRC Integrated HIV/AIDS Project (ProVIC), which uses a community-based approach called “champion communities” for reaching mothers to provide them with comprehensive HIV services. This case study examines the landscape of HIV in the DRC and the approach, strategies, challenges, successes, and recommendations of the ProVIC project.

Author: Saul K

Publication date: November 2012

Region: Africa

This document provides a brief overview of key considerations for developing a medical waste-management plan at the facility, district, and national levels.

Publication date: February 2005

Region: Global

This document describes technology options for treating infectious medical waste, including incineration, chemical treatment, autoclaving, microwaving, and shredding/compacting. Performance issues, environmental impact, and perspectives from several developing countries are described.

Publication date: October 2005

Region: Global

This report shares highlights of PATH's use of flexible funding in 2007, including our work to bring lifesaving projects to mothers and children in India, win support for HIV prevention in South Africa, and prepare to turn back a rising tuberculosis epidemic.

Publication date: May 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Reports to contributors

In 2003 and 2004, PATH worked with the Indonesian Ministry of Health to build awareness and provide policy guidance to the country's decision-makers. This report describes the process and lessons learned implementing pilot waste-management systems in three districts of Yogyakarta province. The report was used to guide development of waste-management policy in Indonesia and could serve as a useful model for other countries.

Publication date: October 2005

Region: Global

In 2006 and 2007, PATH assessed the acceptability, perception of safety, effect on waste management, and cost implications of using retractable syringes in immunization and curative settings in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. The research included focus group discussions and individual interviews, observations, an anonymous questionnaire, and a spreadsheet-based model to estimate costs, benefits, and cost-effectiveness.

Publication date: September 2007

Region: Global

In 2007, UNICEF asked PATH to conduct a field evaluation of three World Health Organization prequalified reuse-prevention feature syringes used for vaccine reconstitution during a measles campaign on Lombok, Indonesia. The evaluation sought to identify the training and introduction requirements of these syringes and establish an understanding of their acceptability, performance, and safety during field use.

Publication date: November 2007

Region: Global

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's work in protecting children from diarrheal disease.

Publication date: September 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

In 2006, PATH conducted a field evaluation of three syringe melters temporarily placed in five health centers in Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The evaluation assessed the performance of the devices, acceptability by health workers, fit into the existing waste-management system, and potential design modifications. The evaluation demonstrated that, while feasible, the introduction of syringe melting into an existing health care waste management system may require significant shifts in waste-management practices. 

Publication date: May 2007

Region: Global

This book contains descriptions of selected CHAPS projects from Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa. CHAPS aimed to improve health, well being, and gender relations of communities by identifying, revising, and promoting cultural practices and beliefs through a small grants program. The stories contained in this book are more than project descriptions; they provide an opportunity to discuss and reflect on culture and health.

Publication date: December 2007

Region: Africa

This training aid was developed as part of Training Health Workers in the Management of Sharps Waste. The aid includes a graphical representation of the equipment needed to help protect waste handlers and incinerators during the collection, treatment, and final disposal of health care waste.

Publication date: July 2006

Region: Global

This report documents a partnership in Rwanda to support infrastructure and systems development to ensure the safe handling, treatment, and final disposal of infectious medical waste.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Global

This training aid was developed as part of Training Health Workers in the Management of Sharps Waste. The aid includes a graphical representation of the key steps involved in the safe management of health care waste: segregation, containment, handling and storage, transport, treatment or destruction, and disposal.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Global

This special issue of Directions in Global Health describes PATH's work on HIV/AIDS. Featured projects focus on implementing interactive communication techniques that promote healthier behaviors, strengthening health systems to address the dual epidemics of HIV and tuberculosis, protecting youth against HIV, challenging gender norms to reduce the spread of HIV, and advancing innovative technologies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS.

Publication date: August 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This training aid was developed as part of Training Health Workers in the Management of Sharps Waste. The aid includes a graphical representation of the segregation of medical waste into three categories: non-infectious, infectious, and sharps. Over the last few years, a number of countries have adapted the basic concepts and developed country-specific versions of this aid for training and for display in health facilities. The document available here is a link to an example adapted for Kenya.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Global

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's work to develop and deliver innovative health solutions for those who need them most. These solutions range from developing and introducing affordable, appropriate technologies to creating conditions that lead to widespread use of proven methods.

Publication date: April 2012

Region: Global

This poster was prepared for the XVII International AIDS Conference in Mexico.

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Eastern Europe

This brochure provides recommendations for primary care providers on early detection and response to avian influenza in humans.

Publication date: June 2008

Region: Eastern Europe

This booklet summarizes and updates the World Health Organization (WHO) document Human Papillomavirus and HPV Vaccine: Technical Information for Policy-Makers and Health Professionals and the WHO/UNFPA guidance note Preparing for the Introduction of HPV Vaccines—Policy and Programme Guidance for Countries. They are available in the STIs/RTIs section of the WHO website.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Global

This is part of a series of project briefs discussing the activities, research findings, and field experiences of PATH’s Safe Water Project. The briefs are available in two formats: one for onscreen viewing and one for booklet-style printing.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This guide was developed by PATH as part of the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Project (KARHP) Tuko Pamoja ("We are together") series. It is intended to be used by peer educators facilitating discussion groups with in- and out-of-school youth. The guide will help peer educators share information and lead discussions with their peers on addressing physical and emotional changes during adolescence, staying healthy, planning for the future, making good decisions, and preventing pregnancy and HIV and AIDS. It can also be used as a reference for peer educators to learn more about the different topics. The guide is available as one large file or as multiple smaller sections for ease of downloading.

Author: Martin S

Publication date: July 2007

Region: Africa

Safe drinking water is essential to good health and quality of life. However, in resource-poor settings like Vietnam and Cambodia, water often comes from unsafe sources and carries dangerous pathogens. This fact sheet outlines the work that PATH is implementing in Vietnam and Cambodia to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain good-quality household water treatment and storage products for low-income populations.

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Asia

This brochure describes PATH’s work in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, through the Maternal and Newborn Health Technology Initiative (MNTI).

Author: Gundry, D

Publication date: June 2008

Region: Africa

This document outlines ten steps that programs may find helpful as they determine their advocacy goals and activities.

Author: Wilson, Rachel

Publication date: December 2007

Region: Global

PATH and our partners have been advancing innovative vaccine technologies for more than 30 years. This report outlines our approach and capabilities. It also describes a number of individual vaccine technologies at various stages of development and market introduction to put this work in context. 

Publication date: September 2010

Region: Global

This curriculum targets adolescent girls 14 to 18 years old in China's Yi community. It consists of 54 participatory sessions that aim to equip and empower Yi adolescent girls with the life skills and health knowledge needed to develop healthy behaviors and move beyond the challenges of urban migration and the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic. The document is available as one large file or as multiple smaller sections for easier downloading.

Publication date: 2008

Region: Asia

Strengthening health systems is a core component of PATH’s overall mission to improve the health of people around the world. We pursue deliberate and measurable outcomes related to service management, policy, financing, supply systems, human resources, and information and monitoring systems. This document describes PATH’s experience in strengthening health systems.

Publication date: August 2008

Region: Global

PATH’s work in Vietnam began in 1980 with a focus on contraceptive technologies. In 1997, we opened a permanent office in Hanoi. Today, our work addresses a range of health issues, including vaccines and immunization, reproductive health, maternal and child health, health technologies, and emerging and epidemic diseases.

Publication date: December 2010

Region: Asia

This document presents new research results from PATH's HPV Vaccines: Evidence for Impact project in Uganda. PATH is working with ministries of health and other country partners to develop strategies for introducing vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV), the primary cause of cervical cancer.

Publication date: March 2009

Region: Africa

To increase access to safe drinking water and reduce the incidence of waterborne diseases, PATH’s Safe Water Project has been exploring the potential of market-based approaches to provide clean water for low- and middle-income households. The goal of the project's product development work has been to understand user needs and preferences around household water treatment and storage, foster widespread demand for and availability of new and/or improved products, and raise the bar for the affordability, quality, value, and performance of these products. This report focuses on the results of user research in Mali.

Publication date: January 2013

Region: Africa

Part of series: Africa User Research in Water & Sanitation reports

This document presents new research results from PATH's HPV Vaccines: Evidence for Impact project in Peru. PATH is working with ministries of health and other country partners to develop strategies for introducing vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV), the primary cause of cervical cancer.

Publication date: March 2009

Region: Latin America

To increase access to safe drinking water and reduce the incidence of waterborne diseases, PATH’s Safe Water Project has been exploring the potential of market-based approaches to provide clean water for low- and middle-income households. The goal of the project's product development work has been to understand user needs and preferences around household water treatment and storage, foster widespread demand for and availability of new and/or improved products, and raise the bar for the affordability, quality, value, and performance of these products. This report focuses on the results of user research in Ethiopia.

Publication date: January 2013

Region: Africa

Part of series: Africa User Research in Water & Sanitation reports

This guide provides technical information on small-scale affordable autoclaves manufactured in India that can be used for medical waste treatment. It includes issues to consider when purchasing an autoclave, technical specifications of some devices, and a list of Indian manufacturers of autoclaves. The guide is intended to be used to aid in decision-making for purchase of autoclaves for medical waste treatment. It is available in single-page format as well as booklet style.

Publication date: September 2008

Region: Global

The 25^th anniversary issue of Outlook, made possible by support from UNFPA, presents innovative, evidence-based strategies and approaches for addressing unmet need for family planning in developing countries. The issue also reviews the link between family planning and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), including improving maternal and child health, promoting gender equality, and combating HIV/AIDS. Addressing unmet need can help tackle some of the most intractable health and development challenges facing the world today.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This document provides important details on technical aspects of the Ultra Rice® technology.

Publication date: October 2008

Region: Global

This two-page success story profiles a volunteer health worker who learned about the benefits of good breastfeeding practices during an Infant and Young Child Nutrition Project training workshop in rural Lesotho. The story highlights the project’s work to improve nutrition for infants and young children in developing countries by training community volunteers who counsel mothers on optimal nutrition practices.

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative.  This paper examines the process of research and development for new HIV prevention technologies and their eventual adoption by consumers of such technologies.

Author: Ruiz M

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This fact sheet describes a project that PATH is implementing in collaboration with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority within the US Department of Health and Human Services. The project is supporting the enhancement of sustainable influenza vaccine production in Vietnam. PATH is collaborating with various groups in Vietnam to facilitate the production and clinical evaluation of safe and effective influenza vaccines and synergizing activities with work already under way in Vietnam through the World Health Organization.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Asia

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. This paper explores the scientific feasibility of finding a cure for HIV/AIDS, and charts opportunities for areas where scientific progress is both possible and likely.

Author: Deeks S

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This manual is designed for trainers of clinicians who perform vaginal speculum examination and screening methods to prevent cervical cancer. Please note that the online version is a preview. The complete CD-ROM may be ordered by emailing rho@path.org.

Author: Sellors J

Publication date: December 2004

Region: Global

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. This paper discusses mechanisms that promote innovation in early stage discovery science for HIV and, in particular, those that target existing gaps in research.

Author: International AIDS Vaccine Initiative

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This job aid was developed to support training of small-scale incinerator operators and summarizes safe and effective operation. Key steps are outlined, including preheating and optimal loading instructions. By following these steps, incinerator operators can help ensure the unit operates optimally, reaching desired temperatures and ensuring waste is safely treated.

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. This paper explores issues surrounding the use of antiretroviral products for the prevention of HIV, including how antiretrovirals might be used to prevent infection and potential issues emerging from such use.

Author: Mastro T, Cates W, Cohen M

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This job aid was developed to support training of small-scale incinerator operators and provides key message about how to perform regular maintenance. Regular maintenance is critical to ensuring the incinerator functions optimally for the projected life of the unit.

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. The paper explores progress made in engaging communities in biomedical research and highlights areas where continued progress is needed.

Author: West Slevin K, Ukpong M, Heise L

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This fact sheet describes a phase 4, post-licensure influenza vaccine effectiveness study that PATH and its partners are conducting in Senegal. The study seeks to better understand the extent of the influenza disease burden in tropical Africa, as well as the potential of current seasonal influenza vaccines to reduce influenza-related deaths in the developing world. Ultimately, study data could help public health officials decide how to best use influenza vaccines in Senegal and in similar tropical countries.

Publication date: May 2011

Region: Africa

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. This paper explores issues that could be included in a future research agenda to enhance drug development for HIV/AIDS, including the optimal time to begin antiretroviral therapy, appropriate dosing of antiretrovirals, possible implications of HIV on advanced aging, and an exploration of recent challenges in drug development.

Author: Becker S

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

The Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative (POPPHI), funded by USAID, developed this document to summarize the projects and activities that took place over its five-year history. The report focuses on the challenge of postpartum hemorrhage and the mechanisms developed by POPPHI to address it. It also provides an overview of the tools, including resources and policy changes, that were accomplished. Finally, the document also highlights specific work done by PATH, its partners, and the POPPHI team in scale-up and small grant countries. The report is available as one large file or as four smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. In line with thinking about the future development of new tools for diagnosis of HIV infection, this paper presents an analysis of issues related to diagnostic tests for HIV case management and explores four possible scenarios in which these tests could be performed.

Author: Gerlach J, Boyle D, Domingo G, Weigl B, Free M

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This fact sheet provides an overview of sexual and reproductive health and HIV/AIDS service integration and PATH’s experience in this area.

Publication date: December 2008

Region: Global

This fact sheet summarizes the Infant & Young Child Nutrition Project's approach to designing and implementing infant feeding and HIV activities.

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

This report presents findings from ten Demographic and Health Surveys to compare the prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight, and overweight in children under 5 years by two international standards: the 1977 International Growth Reference and the 2006 Child Growth Standards. The findings have implications for evaluating children’s nutritional status and for analyzing trends.

Author: Kothari M, Rutstein S, Sangha J

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Global

As more developing countries take on responsibility for purchasing health commodities, requisite capabilities—such as decision-making, planning, and technical skills—often require strengthening. To address this need, PATH developed the comprehensive Procurement Capacity Toolkit for those responsible for and involved in the supply of reproductive health products. The toolkit is available as one large file or, for faster downloading, 17 smaller files.

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes PATH's work to expand access to family planning products and services in low-resource settings.

Publication date: December 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

This compilation contains key references and resources to aid program planners in the introduction of oxytocin in the Uniject™ prefilled injection device.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Global

This case profile highlights a suite of supply-chain projects in reproductive health that serve as examples of PATH's efforts in strengthening health systems. Key issues related to the availability, affordability, and quality of reproductive health supplies are summarized along with PATH’s efforts to improve manufacturing, purchasing, and distribution of reproductive health supplies globally.

Publication date: December 2008

Region: Global

This case profile highlights a project in Tanzania as an example of PATH's efforts to deliver critical services while strengthening health systems. Key issues related to the delivery of integrated TB–HIV services in low-resource settings are summarized along with PATH’s efforts to deliver innovative service models, address human resource constraints, and improve management of these diseases in the region.

Publication date: December 2008

Region: Global

This overview has been developed for program planners considering introduction and/or expansion of the use of oxytocin, and in particular oxytocin packaged in the Uniject™ device, to reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage as a component of their maternal and child health programming. Administering oxytocin is just one component of active management of third stage labor.

Publication date: September 2008

Region: Global

Scientists have been working for decades to develop a preventive malaria vaccine. While they have successfully demonstrated that such a vaccine is possible, many challenges continue to impede progress on the road to an effective malaria vaccine. As a result, the Malaria Vaccine Advisory Committee to the World Health Organization (WHO), coordinated by the WHO Initiative for Vaccine Research, called for a collective effort to explore and address the challenges. This effort resulted in the Malaria Vaccine Technology Roadmap process.

Publication date: August 2006

Region: Global

This article was published in Vaccine, Volume 27, Issue 1, Jones Braun L, Tyagi A, Perkins S, et al, Development of a freeze-stable formulation for vaccines containing aluminum salt adjuvants, pp. 72-79, Copyright Elsevier (2009). The journal may be accessed at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0264410X. 

Author: Jones Braun L, Tyagi A, Perkins S, et al

Publication date: January 2009

Region: Global

This is the facilitator’s guide for the Advocacy, Communication, and Social Mobilization (ACSM) action planning workshop. Its primary goal is to assist the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria recipient countries in developing ACSM strategic action plans to scale up, enhance, and integrate ACSM activities into ongoing tuberculosis control work.

Publication date: January 2009

Region: Global

This fact sheet provides a brief overview of the Infant & Young Child Nutrition Project.

Publication date: July 2009

Region: Global

The Infant & Young Child Nutrition (IYCN) Project website offers nutrition information and resources for global health professionals. It provides training tools, publications, and other resources on maternal nutrition, breastfeeding, complementary feeding, infant feeding within the context of HIV, and infant feeding during and after illness. The website is no longer updated, but it remains available to host the wealth of materials developed by the project and other organizations.

Publication date: 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Websites

This document provides a brief overview of the Optimize project’s strategy for developing delivery systems that are as advanced and innovative as the vaccines they support. Project Optimize, a collaboration between the World Health Organization and PATH, has been given a unique mandate to think far into the future: to put technological and scientific advances to work, helping define the ideal characteristics and specifications for health products; and to create a vaccine supply chain that is flexible and robust enough to handle an increasingly large and costly portfolio of vaccines.

Publication date: October 2009

Region: Global

This document is part of a series of project briefs discussing the activities, research findings, and field experiences of PATH’s Safe Water Project. The briefs are available in two formats: one for onscreen viewing and one for booklet-style printing.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: January 2009

Region: Asia

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This literature review details the key findings on the feasibility and acceptability of home delivery of depo-subQ provera 104™ in the Uniject™ injection system  (depo-subQ in Uniject). The review focused on self-injection and looked specifically at subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) compared to the intramuscular formulation; considerations for home administration of injectable contraception, particularly in low-resource settings; and identified research needs for home administration, including self-injection, of depo-subQ in Uniject. A six-page briefing summary of this review is also available.

Author: Keith BM

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Global

This project brief describes the Thogomelo project, which is designed to build South Africa's capacity to care for its community caregivers and protect children left vulnerable by the AIDS pandemic.

Publication date: February 2009

Region: Africa

These fact sheets describe PATH's pilot introduction project to deliver the injectable contraceptive Sayana® Press (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate or DMPA) to women in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. The fact sheets also provide clinical information about Sayana® Press.

Publication date: July 2014

Region: Global

The MDR-TB Planning Toolkit is designed to help countries develop or strengthen a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) component within their national TB strategy or plan. Eight tools contain worksheets to assist the user through key planning steps. The toolkit is available as a Microsoft Word file (for users who wish to modify it) and as an Adobe PDF file (recommended for printing). The worksheets can be filled out on the screen using the full toolkit or the worksheets-only version. The Excel version of Tool 2 has built-in formulas that also generate graphs to show a country’s baseline performance and targets for MDR-TB case detection, enrollment, and successful treatment. (The 2009 MDR/XDR-TB Assessment and Monitoring Tool can be found here.)

Author: Royce S, Islam T, Jakubowiak W, Garcia Baena I, Mueller L, Reed L, Richardson D

Publication date: September 2012

Region: Global

The PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative commissioned this analysis to begin elucidating the World Health Organization (WHO) process for developing policy guidelines for a malaria vaccine. The analysis considered past WHO recommendations on new interventions and assessed potential implications for a malaria vaccine.

Author: Milstien J, Brooks A, Cardenas V, Cheyne J

Publication date: May 2008

Region: Global

This issue of Directions in Global Health features work by OneWorld Health, PATH’s drug development program, to lead development of innovative methods to enhance the supply of artemisinin, a key ingredient in malaria treatments. It includes a commentary by Dr. Ponni Subbiah, who directs PATH’s drug development efforts. Other articles cover work to improve cervical cancer screening, protect infants from respiratory syncytial virus, increase access to family planning, and strengthen and expand use of human milk banking.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This document presents formative research results from PATH's HPV Vaccines: Evidence for Impact project in Vietnam. PATH is working with ministries of health and other country partners to develop strategies for introducing vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV), the primary cause of cervical cancer.

Publication date: March 2009

Region: Asia

This briefing paper underscores the burden of rotavirus and highlights the promise of vaccines to combat the virus as the global health community prepares for worldwide introduction.  

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Global

IYCN Update was a periodic email newsletter from USAID’s Infant and Young Child Nutrition (IYCN) Project that offered updates on maternal, infant, and young child nutrition for global health professionals. It was distributed four times per year and included research highlights, new resources, and IYCN Project news.

Publication date: 2012

Region: Global

This document describes the work of the Khusela project, which focuses on integrating services for family planning, reproductive health, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Publication date: February 2010

Region: Africa

This poster summarizes PATH’s recent activities as part of a consortium lead by the University of Washington to develop the DxBox, a system comprising a portable instrument and low-cost disposable cards. The prototype is being developed to diagnose typhoid fever, dengue fever, rickettsial diseases, malaria, measles, and influenza. PATH’s contributions are immunoassay development, field studies, and user needs assessment. Presented at The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH), November 12, 2006; Atlanta, GA.

Author: Gerlach JL, Singhal MC, Watts K, et al

Publication date: November 2006

Region: Global

This document provides the overall framework and specific operational procedures for Ukraine’s health sector response to an influenza pandemic. Its prime objectives are to reduce the health impact of a pandemic and minimize disruption to health and other essential services while maintaining business continuity and reducing the disruption to society.

Publication date: July 2009

Region: Global

A report on the selection and evaluation of target markers for a multiplex diagnostic platform under development. Based on the DxBox platform being developed as part of a public-private consortium lead by the University of Washington. Presented at the Molecular Medicine Tri-Conference, March 25, 2008; San Francisco, CA.

Author: Gerlach JL, Anyona S, Koros J, et al

Publication date: March 2008

Region: Global

This brief provides a description of PATH's work in South Africa. Projects focus on advancing health technologies for mothers and children, preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, caring for caregivers of orphans and vulnerable children, advocating for sound microbicides research in Africa, supporting midwives who work on HIV and AIDS, and strengthening tuberculosis infection prevention and control.

Publication date: February 2010

Region: Africa

This poster presents a study to collect and characterize specimens from febrile patients who were suspected to have malaria, pedigree specimens against a panel of nucleic acid and serological markers, and draw early insights into data that would be generated by a multiplex diagnostic platform. Presented at The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, December 7, 2008; New Orleans, LA.

Author: Gerlach JL, Waitumbi J, Koros J, et al

Publication date: December 2008

Region: Global

Fifteen strains of Escherichia coli from various geographical areas, animal, and soil sources were tested on standard and nonstandard detection assays at temperatures from 23°C to 45°C to test the viability of currently available E. coli tests in low-resource settings. Presented at the American Society for Microbiology Conference, June 1, 2008; Boston, MA.

Author: Allen E, Dillman L, Weigl B

Publication date: June 2008

Region: Global

This issue of Outlook provides an overview of the family planning/environment relationship, including lessons learned for integrated programs and case studies of tested approaches for extending family planning into remote rural areas. These communities suffer disproportionately from environmental degradation and associated poor health consequences.

Author: Gaffikin L

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Demonstration of the PATH enteric flow-through assay as a rapid and cost effective method for detecting pathogenic bacteria in stool samples in low-resource settings. Presented at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry Oak Ridge Annual Conference, April 17, 2006; San Jose, CA.

Author: Dillman L, Fichtenholtz A, Weigl B

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Global

This poster reports progress incorporating magnetic beads within a unique lab card that permits efficient capture and enrichment of E. coli O157:H7 from feces. Presented at the 106th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, May 21, 2006; Orlando, FL.

Author: Gerdes JC, Weigl BH, Yager P

Publication date: May 2006

Region: Global

An exploration of one technique for drying reagents onto a microfluidics card. Reagents needed for immunocapture, lysis, and PCR for pathogen capture can be stored in trehalose or trehalose dextran. Presented at the 1st Distributed Diagnosis and Home Healthcare Conference, April 2, 2006; Arlington, VA.

Author: Ramachandran S, Weigl BH, Gerdes JC, et al

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Global

We describe the functional elements of a diagnostic instrument and disposable enteric card system under development that rapidly identifies and differentiates Shigella, E. coli, Campylobacter, and Salmonella in stool samples. These elements, currently realized as microfluidic subcircuits on individual cards, are: (1) pathogen capture and lysing, (2) nucleic acid capture, (3) on-chip rapid PCR, and (4) lateral flow detection of amplicons. Presented at the Solid State Sensor, Actuator and Microsystems Workshop, June 4, 2006; Hilton Head Island, SC.

Author: Weigl BH, Gerdes JC, Tarr P, et al

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Global

An overview of a diagnostic platform that PATH is developing based on nucleic-acid amplification that will require no instrumentation. It has the dual purpose of providing molecular diagnostics at the point of care as well as stabilizing nucleic-acid specimens for further analysis via a centralized surveillance system. Presented at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry 40th Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 17, 2008; San Jose, CA.

Author: Weigl B, Domingo G, Gerlach J, et al

Publication date: April 2008

Region: Global

These fact sheets provide an overview of the rationale, framework, and key concepts of PATH's Enhancing Equity and Sustainability of Public-Sector Family Planning projects. This reproductive health work aims to strengthen country-led, public-sector decision-making for family planning within a total market context.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

These documents provide stability data as of November 2012 on commonly used, licensed vaccines and stability data as of May 2012 from available data on novel, investigational vaccine formulations. Data are sorted by vaccine in a table format.

Publication date: November 2012

Region: Global

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing innovative methods to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and storage (HWTS) products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This project brief and fact sheet summarize the findings of the bicycle entrepreneur distribution model—the first of a number of pilot projects that PATH and its partners undertook in India and other countries to overcome distribution and marketing barriers that make it difficult for HWTS manufacturers to reach lower-income households and rural markets.

Author: Lasher H

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Asia

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This is part of a series of working draft documents that discuss key questions and preliminary findings of PATH’s Safe Water Project. These reports will be used to inform follow-on research, identify potential partners, and contribute to the development of pilot activities. This particular document reports on “snapshot” research that PATH commissioned in 2007 on the safe water situation in Cambodia, Ghana, Tanzania, and Vietnam.

Author: Adrienne Kols

Publication date: April 2009

Region: Global

Technologies related to the temperature control of vaccines during the distribution process are essential to the cool chain. This project Optimize report provides a landscape analysis of these technologies and their appropriateness for use with vaccines in the developing world.

Publication date: June 2008

Region: Global

The Effective Vaccine Stores Management (EVSM) assessment tool was created to help countries and agencies evaluate critical components of the country’s primary vaccine store. To date, 57 countries have completed the EVSM assessment. This project Optimize report evaluates 42 EVSM assessment spreadsheets.

Publication date: June 2008

Region: Global

This project Optimize landscape analysis identifies trends in the availability of vaccines and novel vaccine delivery technologies that are and will be of relevance to low- and middle-income countries from present through 2025. The document is available as one large file or as three smaller sections for easier downloading.

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Global

This publication provides an overview of a conference on femicide convened  jointly by PATH, the Inter-American Alliance for the Prevention of Gender-based Violence, the Medical Research Council of South Africa, and the World Health Organization in Washington, DC, April 14–16, 2008. The conference brought together activists, researchers, and forensic professionals from 13 countries, with the aim of identifying common ground for strengthening research and galvanizing global action to prevent femicide and end the impunity so often granted to perpetrators.

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

Today, most health workers at the service‐delivery level in developing countries use paper‐based systems to track the individuals who have been vaccinated and the vaccines and other resources used during the process. Project Optimize, a World Health Organization and PATH collaboration, is working with the Albanian Institute of Public Health to develop and implement an immunization information system that will provide the type of high-quality, granular data that policymakers need.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

This special issue of Directions in Global Health highlights PATH’s work to advance technologies to improve global health. Featured technologies include low-cost tests to screen for cervical cancer, a new vaccine to protect against meningitis in Africa, products to prevent diarrheal disease, and Ultra Rice food fortification technology. The issue also includes a summary of PATH’s approach to developing and introducing innovative health technologies.

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

PATH and our partners implemented the Enhanced Diarrheal Disease Initiative in 2011 to tackle the leading killers of Cambodian children under five years old: pneumonia and diarrheal disease. The program successfully strengthened policies related to diarrheal disease and pneumonia and implemented a new integrated package of services within rural communities. This document is a condensed version of the case study Tackling Pneumonia and Diarrheal Disease Through Program and Policy Coordination.

Publication date: February 2013

Region: Asia

Diarrheal Disease: Solutions to Defeat a Global Killer presents scientific evidence to support strategies to scale up use of interventions, including safe water, improved sanitation and hygiene, breastfeeding and optimal complementary feeding, rotavirus vaccines, zinc treatment, and oral rehydration therapy/oral rehydration solution. In addition, the report features case studies of on-the-ground programs that bring these tools to communities that need them most. The document is available as one large file or as three smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

This document describes PATH’s approach to maximizing the availability, accessibility, and affordability of technologies through private-sector collaboration. A condensed version can be found here.

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

Between August 2004 and February 2005, the HIV prevention world was rocked by the suspension and cancellation of PrEP effectiveness trials in Cambodia and Cameroon. Acknowledging that no single version of the events constitutes the “real story,” the case studies are built from extensive interviews with researchers, policymakers, other government officials, donors, nongovernmental organization staff, and advocates to reconstruct often incompatible accounts of what eventually led to government intervention that halted the research. The case studies capture the political context and backdrop against which the controversies arose, the underlying and unaddressed conflicts that led to the costly collapse of two trials, and the lessons they provide for current and future research.

Author: Forbes A, Mudaliar S

Publication date: February 2009

Region: Global

From August 2004 to February 2005, the HIV prevention world was rocked by the suspension and cancellation of PrEP effectiveness trials in Cambodia and Cameroon. Acknowledging that no single version of the events constitutes the “real story,” the case studies in this document are built from extensive interviews with many stakeholders to reconstruct accounts of what eventually led to government intervention that halted the research. The case studies capture the political context and backdrop, the underlying and unaddressed conflicts that led to the costly collapse of two trials, and the lessons they provide for current and future research.

Author: McGrory E, Irvin A, Heise L

Publication date: February 2009

Region: Global

In 2006, the Global Campaign for Microbicides embarked on an exercise to map the standards of care and prevention provided to participants in late-stage microbicide trials. The resulting report provides an independent assessment of the health care and prevention services provided to women in the trials (and to some extent, their partners, family, and surrounding community), explores the factors that inform care-related decisions at trial sites, and offers recommendations to strengthen the HIV prevention research field’s ability to respond to care-related challenges in the future.

Author: Heise L, Shapiro K, West Slevin K

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

This table was developed under the Making Medical Injections Safer project, which PATH partners on in the areas of health care waste management (HCWM) and procurement technical assistance. The table provides brief summaries and contact information on many of the organizations that are actively engaged in HCWM throughout the developing world. It is intended to be a resource for country programs and governments seeking funding to support HCWM activities at the country level.

Publication date: June 2009

Region: Global

This document is intended to start discussions around quantifying the need for safe injection equipment and the amount of infectious sharps waste produced by testing and treatment programs for diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. The analysis was developed to support advocacy efforts to integrate injection safety as an essential element of all health care programs.

Publication date: June 2009

Region: Global

This document is part of a series of project briefs discussing the activities, research findings, and field experiences of PATH’s Safe Water Project. The project briefs are available in two formats: one for onscreen viewing and one for booklet-style printing.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: June 2009

Region: Asia

Part of series: Safe water briefs

Sure Start is an initiative intended to catalyze sustainable improvements in maternal and newborn health through effective community action in selected districts of Uttar Pradesh and urban sites of Maharashtra, India. The Sure Start project has been designed to complement and support the Government of India’s commitment to improving maternal and newborn health. This fact sheet gives an overall picture and progress of the project to date.

Publication date: July 2009

Region: Asia

Part of series: Sure Start publications

This issue of Directions in Global Health showcases PATH’s global presence. It highlights work related to influenza in Africa, HIV and AIDS in Eastern Europe,  Japanese encephalitis in Asia, gender-based violence in Latin America and the Caribbean, and diagnostic technologies in North America. The back cover features a map and summary information on PATH’s work around the world.

Publication date: August 2009

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

These studies aim to provide ministries of health and their partners with data about the actual practice of active management of the third stage of labor (AMTSL), including policy, provider support, and supplies and logistics, along with the descriptive information necessary to assess AMTSL practices and identify barriers to its use in their country.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This report provides an overview of the status of civil-society engagement in each phase of microbicide research, development, and introduction and identifies the resources and specific action steps needed to move from the current level of engagement to where we need to be. .

Author: Forbes A, Sylla L, Yassky R

Publication date: February 2008

Region: Global

On October 23–24, 2003, the Global Campaign for Microbicides brought together 64 people from 12 countries to rethink the issues and ethical dilemmas facing the field of microbicide development. The consultation comprised a broad range of stakeholders, including advocates, ethicists, clinical investigators, community members, drug regulatory authorities, and past participants in microbicide clinical trials. The report is available as one large file and as multiple smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: March 2005

Region: Global

This article, published in Human Vaccines (Human Vaccines 5:8, 1-7; August 2009), details a collaborative effort between PATH, Arecor, and the University of Colorado Denver School of Pharmacy that has resulted in a new formulation for recombinant hepatitis B vaccine that demonstrates improved stability at elevated temperatures. The formulation exhibited 9-week stability at 55°C and was also shown to be stable at both 37°C and 45°C for at least six months. This new vaccine formulation has the potential to be stored at room temperature for part of its shelf life and will help ensure the potency of the vaccine in areas where the cold chain is insufficient.

Author: Jezek J, Chen D, Watson L, et al.

Publication date: August 2009

Region: Global

The USAID-funded Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative developed a learning package on the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage consisting of a reference manual, participant’s notebook, and facilitator’s guide. This learning package was developed for use by nurses, midwives, and doctors providing childbirth and immediate postpartum care. Information about implementing active management of the third stage of labor is featured in this reference manual as well as the corresponding participant’s notebook and facilitator’s guide. The reference manuals and facilitators' guides are available as one large file and also in smaller sections for easier downloading.

Author: Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage Initiative (POPPHI)

Publication date: 2007

Region: Global

The Caucus on New and Underused Reproductive Health Technologies is a community of practice established under the auspices of the Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition, for which PATH serves as Secretariat. Caucus members developed this series of peer-reviewed briefs on underused reproductive health technologies. Responsibility for the selection and contents of the briefs rests solely with the Caucus and does not imply endorsement of any single technology by the Coalition or its wider membership. The briefs are available in one combined file as well as separately. For more information on the Caucus, please visit http://rhsupplies.org/index.php?id=894 or contact secretariat@rhsupplies.org.

Publication date: May 2012

Region: Global

This report describes a project that sought to improve maternal health and child survival in Indonesia by strengthening Lombok's existing birth-centered system by delivering preventive health services to postpartum women and infants at or within one week of birth.

Publication date: June 1998

Region: Asia

This article, published in Expert Reviews (Expert Rev. Vaccines 8(5), 547-557; May 2009), reviews approaches being used to develop thermostable vaccine formulations that are resistant to damage caused by freezing or excessive heat and could reduce dependence on the cold chain. The article discusses the challenges associated with the implementation of these novel formulations as well as the potential benefits of protecting vaccines from damage caused by breaks in the cold chain.

Author: Chen D, Kristensen D

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

This document is the first in a series of periodic policy and practice updates about work undertaken by PATH on the convergence of HIV services and sexual and reproductive health services (SRH) in India.

Author: Sellers T, Saha A, Panda M, Pauchauri A

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Asia

Part of series: HIV-SRH Convergence newsletters

Filmed during the 2007 epidemic in Burkina Faso, the documentary offers a poignant and revealing account of the devastating impact meningitis epidemics have on individuals and communities. The film also takes viewers to Mali, where the Meningitis Vaccine Project (a collaboration between PATH and the World Health Organization) and the Serum Institute of India Limited are testing a new vaccine that offers hope for eliminating epidemics as a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Africa

Part of series: Kill or Cure? videos

Project Optimize is collaborating with the Vietnamese National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology on a series of activities designed to assess the opportunities and needs for strengthening the immunization system in Vietnam. This document reports the results of assessments of the vaccine supply chain in Vietnam, completed in March 2010.

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Asia

This film in the BBC World’s Kill or Cure? series uncovers the challenges of preventing and treating cervical cancer in Africa and highlights exciting new opportunities for dramatically reducing the toll of disease. The BBC crew follows Sarah Nyombi—Ugandan member of parliament, trained midwife, and women's health advocate—as she explores the landscape of cervical cancer. The film is available in two versions: 25 minutes and 12 minutes.

Publication date: July 2009

Region: Global

Part of series: Kill or Cure? videos

PATH conducted a qualitative study of consumers in four regions of Cambodia to inform potential interventions to increase access to household water treatment and storage products through the country's commercial sector. This fact sheet summarizes the findings from this consumer research study.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Asia

Brochure of PATH's activities in the region.

Publication date: December 2008

Region: Eastern Europe

Filmed in several locations across the world, this short documentary is a tool for organizing and creating awareness around the increasing rates of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among women and the importance of advocacy for microbicides. The personal stories portrayed in In Women’s Hands speak to the need for microbicides and the importance for leadership on this issue.

Publication date: 2004

Region: Global

This poster and accompanying handout, presented by the IYCN Project at the 10th Commonwealth Association of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Congress on Diarrhoea & Malnutrition in August 2009, make a case for investing in prevention of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) rather than in the universal introduction of SAM treatment.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Global

This success story profiles Patricia Nawa, an HIV-positive mother from Zambia, who used good infant feeding practices to help protect her baby from HIV.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Global

PATH and John Snow, Inc., developed these brief talking points on health care waste management to support advocacy efforts in order to raise awareness about why health care waste management is important and how programs can improve current practices.

Publication date: January 2010

Region: Global

This fact sheet discusses the development and implementation of technologies to improve the health of women and children in poor and remote areas around the world. It provides examples of PATH’s work in this area.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Global

Produced by project Optimize and the vaccine technologies team at PATH, this report: (1) summarizes the clinical evidence supporting the intradermal route for vaccine administration and the devices being developed for this purpose; (2) determines whether intradermal delivery broadly holds promise for vaccine applications for low- and middle-income countries in the future; and (3) begins to prioritize vaccine targets and device strategies that best fit the public health needs in these countries and likely merit further investigation. The document is available as one large file or as four smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: August 2009

Region: Global

This document outlines PATH and Cascade Designs, Inc.'s work in optimizing electrochlorination technology for water treatment in small, low-income communities.

Publication date: December 2010

Region: Africa

PATH conducted a qualitative study of consumers in four regions of the country to inform potential interventions to increase access to household water treatment and storage products through the commercial sector in Vietnam. This fact sheet summarizes the findings from this consumer research study.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Asia

Commercial markets are a viable model for selling some products to the very poor in Vietnam. But can household water treatment and storage products be provided in the same way? This fact sheet discusses the results of an analysis of distribution and marketing channels in Vietnam that PATH conducted to help answer that question.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Asia

This job aid illustrates how to read time-temperature indicators with the Uniject™ injection system.

Publication date: August 2011

Region: Global

This worksheet can be used during trainings to help health workers learn how to read time-temperature indicators with the Uniject™ injection system.

Publication date: August 2011

Region: Global

This fact sheet outlines PATH's work to use innovative approaches and strong partnerships to combat malnutrition in developing countries. Topics include ensuring optimal nutrition for young children, using technologies to improve nutrition, and linking nutrition with other sectors.

Publication date: December 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Areas of focus fact sheets

Keeping heat-sensitive vaccines and other drugs at the right temperature is crucial yet often difficult in areas with limited or no electrical power. In response to this challenge, a group of public- and private-sector partners is working with project Optimize to evaluate a range of transportation and storage containers for heat-sensitive drugs and vaccines that operate in environments with or without access to reliable power.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

The Ultra Rice technology has been intensively studied to ensure it is efficacious, shelf stable, and acceptable to consumers. This table outlines the 30 studies conducted to date that form the growing evidence base for the Ultra Rice fortification technology.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Global

This case study highlights PATH's work with the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition and the Naandi Foundation to introduce rice fortified with iron-enriched grains into the government of India's Mid-day Meal Scheme in Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The fortified rice was served daily for one school year to 60,000 children under the government-sponsored Mid-day Meal Scheme. A peer-reviewed study found that school children in India between the ages of 5 and 12 years who ate fortified rice had a significant increase in iron stores.

Publication date: June 2009

Region: Global

This report describes a 2008 study conducted in Kenya's Eastern and Western Provinces. The study assessed the experiences of HIV-infected mothers and their infants during the time they were stopping breastfeeding.

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Africa

This fact sheet summarizes the PATH Safe Water Project's work in Cambodia to integrate prevention and treatment options for diarrheal disease. By harnessing successes from one prevention-focused project (microfinance loans for household water filters) and one treatment-focused program (oral rehydration solution and zinc), the project streamlined community strategies and increased overall efficiency for better results. Key to this effort were the local, village health volunteers whom PATH trained to educate and empower Cambodian women to successfully protect their families from the dangers of diarrheal disease.

Publication date: November 2012

Region: Asia

In the past decade, global investments have led to great progress toward improving the health of children in developing countries. Yet pneumonia and diarrhea still cause nearly one-third of all child deaths. This infographic makes the case for controlling pneumonia and diarrhea simultaneously to achieve the greatest impact.

Publication date: December 2012

Region: Global

This brochure outlines PATH's work in India, where we're addressing a range of health problems while leveraging the country’s growing capacity to innovate and contribute to global health solutions.

Publication date: December 2013

Region: Global

Under the Making Medical Injections Safer project, PATH has supported ministries of health and environment to develop the systems needed for effective health care waste management. This paper describes the process, tools, and strategies used to successfully engage PEPFAR partners in Uganda and Nigeria to improve health care waste management.

Publication date: October 2009

Region: Africa

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing an innovative safe water project with the goal of enabling commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and storage products for low-income populations in Vietnam and other developing countries. This project brief summarizes the results of three studies—a consumer study, a product scan, and an analysis of distribution channels—that were conducted from April to December 2008 to inform the development and implementation of a safe water pilot project in Vietnam.

Author: Kols, A

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Asia

This document describes PATH's Maternal and Child Health Technology Initiative and its work to reduce maternal mortality in South Africa's KwaZulu Natal Province.

Publication date: February 2010

Region: Africa

This handout is based on a poster presented by the Infant and Young Child Nutrition Project and AIDS, Population, and Health Integrated Assistance II Western Program at the 5th Breastfeeding and Feminism Symposium. It describes a pilot activity that aimed to integrate infant and young child nutrition into current community-level male involvement activities.

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Africa

This brochure outlines PATH's work in China, with emphasis on public-private partnerships for product development. Areas of focus include vaccines and immunization, health technologies, and women's health.

Publication date: November 2012

Region: Asia

This report, the first annual policy report of the Global Health Technologies Coalition, makes recommendations for Congress and the Obama Administration to ensure that the United States maximizes its investment in global health and continues as a leader in global health research and development. The report makes recommendations in three areas: public financing, regulatory pathways, and incentives and innovative financing.

Publication date: 2010

Region: North America and Europe

Part of series: GHTC's annual policy reports

This issue of Outlook provides an update on opportunities for preventing cervical cancer through vaccination and screening. It summarizes recent evidence on the safety and efficacy of human papillomavirus vaccines as well as successful approaches for screening and treatment in low-resource areas. Other topics include cost-effectiveness, communication and training, and implications for policy and programs.

Author: Murray M

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This case study highlights how PATH's Enhanced Diarrheal Disease Initiative can serve as a model for an integrated advocacy and implementation approach to childhood pneumonia and diarrheal disease, which could be replicated in other districts of Cambodia and other countries across the world. This case study is a comprehensive version of the shorter Saving Children Through Program and Policy Integration.

Publication date: January 2013

Region: Asia

This report summarizes the activities and achievements of PATH's Japanese encephalitis project (2003–2009), which aimed to accelerate availability of a safe and efficacious vaccine to vulnerable communities throughout Asia. Technical fact sheets bundled with the report provide guidance on disease surveillance, cost-effectiveness, advocacy, vaccine introduction, and more. The report is available as one large file or as four smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: October 2010

Region: Asia

This publication describes the public health potential of multipurpose prevention technologies -- that is, technologies that prevent unintended pregnancy; sexually transmitted infections, including HIV; and/or other reproductive tract infections. While a few such technologies exist, greater collaboration and resources are needed to accelerate research and development efforts and bring new technologies into widespread use.

Author: Holt BY, Kilbourne-Brook M, Cohen J, Burns M

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

This issue of Directions in Global Health features PATH’s work to improve maternal and newborn health around the world. Articles cover innovative technologies to save newborns, better nutrition for mothers and children, methods to make childbirth safer, and women’s access to more options for family planning.

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

PATH has worked to improve maternal and child health, nutrition, and family planning in developing countries for more than 30 years. This brochure describes our integrated approach to reach mothers, children, and communities with key innovations for strong futures.

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

Both Iran and Sudan utilize an alarm-based temperature recording system to monitor the performance of their national immunization cold stores. To better the utility and application of such systems in other countries, this project Optimize report documents the benefits, challenges, and advantages of both Iran’s and Sudan’s systems.

Author: Haghgou, M

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

This report from the vaccine technologies team at PATH presents results from an economic model that calculates the costs involved in delivering IPV vaccine in Indian immunization clinics according to three strategies: (1) intradermal delivery of reduced volumes of vaccine per dose, (2) use of adjuvants to allow a reduced IPV antigen content per dose, and (3) reduction of the number of doses per IPV immunization schedule. The strategies include delivery by standard technique and with alternative delivery devices.

Author: Hickling J, Jones R, Nundi N, Zehrung D

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

This fact sheet highlights PATH's gender work.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

This report covers a 2009 consultation in Kampala, Uganda, that was convened by the Global Campaign for Microbicides, the Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It includes recommendations related to key ethical and practical questions on the design and implementation of clinical trials.

Author: McGrory E, Philpott S, Hankins C, Paxton L, Heise L

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

This handbook is a practical guide developed for site-level microbicide researchers, communicators, advocates, and others working on HIV prevention trials in developing countries. It includes context-specific case studies and practical insights from actual clinical trial communications initiatives. It is being updated to include work sheets and slide sets. To apply for a complimentary copy, please email Jacqueline Borodan at jacqueline@avac.org for detailed instructions.

Author: Robinson E, Baron D, Heise L, Moffett J, Harlan SV

Publication date: May 2010

Region: Global

This is part of a series of project briefs discussing the activities, research findings, and field experiences of PATH’s Safe Water Project.

Publication date: February 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on low-cost respiratory support devices for newborns.

Publication date: April 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on cryotherapy for cervical cancer prevention.

Publication date: April 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This four-page organizational brochure gives a quick overview of why PATH is dedicated to improving health for everyone.

Publication date: June 2009

Region: Global

In 2012, the Kenyan Poisons and Pharmacy Board reclassified zinc from a prescription medicine to an over-the-counter treatment. This policy change allows caregivers to quickly access treatment when a child shows signs of diarrheal disease—the second leading killer of children under five years old in Kenya.

Publication date: November 2012

Region: Africa

One woman dies every two minutes from pregnancy-related complications around the world. Access to maternal health medicines is too often a hidden part of the solution. This report offers a global agenda for action to improve the health of women worldwide by increasing the quality and accessibility of oxytocin, misoprostol, and magnesium sulfate. The infographic from the main report is available below as a separate file.

Author: Kade K, Moore L

Publication date: September 2012

Region: Global

This policy brief outlines PATH's priorities and recommendations to ensure that the post-2015 development agenda includes key health targets to maximize development opportunities and impacts.

Publication date: March 2013

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes how PATH and the US Department of Defense (DOD) collaborate to enhance the health of the world’s poorest people and presents a sampling of PATH projects that are DOD-funded.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: North America and Europe

This document provides guidelines for implementing a procurement policy for safe injection and brings together issues that countries should consider when developing and implementing the procurement aspect of a national injection safety policy. The document points out issues to consider in transitioning from policy to implementation, regulatory factors, public-sector considerations, and the need to sensitize private-sector manufacturers. It also includes a landscape of manufacturers of safe injection equipment.

Publication date: January 2010

Region: Global

This guidebook captures lessons learned by PATH over the course of the Making Medical Injections Safer project, in both Centers for Disease Control and USAID countries, on selecting, procuring, and installing a small-scale incinerator for health care waste management.

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Global

This document provides practical illustrations on how to use key global resources related to the procurement of safe-injection equipment. It is intended for use by country decision-makers responsible for selecting and procuring good-quality safe-injection equipment.

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Global

This document identifies key steps and information relevant to the development and implementation of a national procurement policy on safe-injection equipment. The intention is to increase patient and health worker safety, and especially to avoid medical transmission of bloodborne infections such as HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C.

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

This brochure provides an overview of PATH's work to reduce the burden of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis around the world. It outlines PATH's overall approach, key strategies, and core competencies.

Publication date: July 2010

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop and advance appropriate, affordable options for women and girls to manage menstruation in low-resource settings.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on an intradermal adapter, which makes it easier to administer intradermal injections.

Publication date: September 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

The Strengthening Communities’ Responses to HIV/AIDS project is a 3-year contract funded by USAID, with two 1-year option periods. PATH is the prime contractor and is joined by four international partners and several local partners. The goal of the project is to strengthen the capacity of civil-society organizations to improve access and quality of HIV care and support services, including counseling and testing and treatment-adherence activities within communities, so that health outcomes for HIV-positive Ethiopians and their dependents are improved.

Publication date: August 2010

Region: Africa

This is a handout of a poster presented at the International AIDS Conference in Vienna, Austria, in July 2010. The document presents evidence concerning the effect of breastfeeding avoidance and early cessation on child mortality and HIV-free survival in developing countries.

Publication date: July 2010

Region: Global

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing an innovative project to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and storage products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries. This project brief summarizes the findings and implications of an initial market assessment conducted in 2009 across eight African countries. It is available in two formats: one for onscreen viewing and one for booklet-style printing.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: August 2010

Region: Africa

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This document presents findings from the evaluation of the PEPFAR Male Norms Initiative, which indicate that interventions to promote gender-equitable norms can successfully influence young men’s attitudes toward gender norms and lead to healthier relationships. The study provides empirical evidence that a community-based intervention focused on combating inequitable and risk-supporting gender norms is associated with reductions in partner violence and improvements in risk outcomes for HIV and sexually transmitted infections.

Author: Pulerwitz J, Martin S, Mehta M, Castillo T, Kidanu A, Verani F, Tewolde S

Publication date: July 2010

Region: Global

This document tells the story of Mabeata, an IYCN-trained community health worker, and Adelina, a nurse, who meet monthly at the Litsoeneng Health Centre in Lesotho to make sure children in their community grow well and stay healthy.

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Africa

PATH and USAID work together to improve global health around the world. This fact sheet highlights the many PATH projects—some with a global reach and some working within specific regions—that are supported by USAID.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Global

In an effort to support community interventions and health service utilization, APHIA II Western produces the Community Health Volunteers Update to help reinforce HIV and AIDS, reproductive health, tuberculosis, diarrhea, maternal and child health, and malaria messages passed through community outreach activities and health facilities; stimulate public discussions; reinforce behavior change; and promote use of health services.

Publication date: October 2008

Region: Africa

Part of series: APHIA II Western Community Health Volunteers Update

This comic series is a joint initiative of two PATH projects, Scouting for Solutions and APHIA II Western. The comic book is designed to foster positive attitudes and perspectives that will help youth consider the quality of relationships they make, and make safe sexual choices to prevent HIV and AIDS and early pregnancy, fight gender discrimination and violence, and encourage involvement of parents in the lives of their children.

Publication date: 2010

Region: Africa

Part of series: The Border

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing an innovative safe water project with the goal of enabling commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and storage products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This project brief summarizes the findings and implications of user testing conducted for five household water treatment and safe storage devices in Andhra Pradesh, India, in 2009.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: August 2010

Region: Asia

Part of series: Safe water briefs

Presented at the XVIII International AIDS Conference in 2010, this poster summarizes the results of a PATH and FHI analysis of the hypothetical acceptability of a modified nipple shield device (MNSD). This novel, low-cost MNSD is based on a conventional nipple shield that could be used discreetly by HIV-positive mothers to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV during breastfeeding.

Author: Israel-Ballard K, Hart C, Thungu F, Joanis C, Baniecki ML, Sokal D

Publication date: July 2010

Region: Africa

This fact sheet from the Global Health Technologies Coalition examines the role of innovation in international development and makes recommendations to elevate global health research in the foreign aid reform process.

Publication date: July 2010

Region: North America and Europe

The third annual policy report from the Global Health Technologies Coalition outlines actions the United States can take to help reduce deaths, extend lives, and secure healthier futures by supporting research for new health tools.

Publication date: 2012

Region: North America and Europe

Part of series: GHTC's annual policy reports

This brochure provides an introduction to the Global Health Technologies Coalition, including its membership, activities, and advocacy issues.

Publication date: November 2012

Region: Global

DefeatDD.org is an interactive website aimed at informing and inspiring advocates committed to joining their voices and raising awareness about diarrheal disease. The website hosts a weekly blog about advances in diarrheal disease control and provides key documents and links to information on simple, lifesaving interventions that have the potential to significantly impact diarrhea incidence worldwide.

Publication date: 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Websites

In an effort to support community interventions and health service utilization, APHIA II Western produces Jua Afya Yako, a community health newsletter, to help reinforce HIV and AIDS, reproductive health, tuberculosis, diarrhea, maternal and child health, and malaria messages passed through community outreach activities and health facilities; stimulate public discussions; reinforce behavior change; and promote use of health services.

Publication date: 2010

Region: Africa

Part of series: Jua Afya Yako: Community Health Newsletter

This presentation is a tool for training health workers on how to use oxytocin in the Uniject™ injection system. The tool is editable so that facilitators can tailor it to their program's needs. It is available in English and Spanish.

Publication date: August 2011

Region: Global

This is the newsletter of APHIA II Western, a USAID-funded project that aims to promote the adoption of healthier behaviors, increase the use of HIV and AIDS health services, and promote family planning/reproductive, maternal and child health, tuberculosis, and malaria prevention services in Western Kenya. It also aims to work with communities to enhance access to health services for pregnant mothers, comprehensive care for orphans and vulnerable children, and fight HIV-related stigma and discrimination and gender-based violence.

Publication date: 2009

Region: Africa

Part of series: APHIA II Western Newsletter

In an effort to support community interventions and health service utilization, APHIA II Western produces Jua Afya Yako, a community health newsletter, to help reinforce HIV and AIDS, reproductive health, tuberculosis, diarrhea, maternal and child health, and malaria messages passed through community outreach activities and health facilities; stimulate public discussions; reinforce behavior change; and promote use of health services.

Publication date: 2009

Region: Africa

Part of series: Jua Afya Yako: Community Health Newsletter

This is the newsletter of APHIA II Western, a USAID-funded project that aims to promote the adoption of healthier behaviors, increase the use of HIV and AIDS health services, and promote family planning/reproductive, maternal and child health, tuberculosis, and malaria prevention services in Western Kenya. It also aims to work with communities to enhance access to health services for pregnant mothers, comprehensive care for orphans and vulnerable children, and fight HIV-related stigma and discrimination and gender-based violence.

Publication date: 2008

Region: Africa

Part of series: APHIA II Western Newsletter

This is the newsletter of APHIA II Western, a USAID-funded project that aims to promote the adoption of healthier behaviors, increase the use of HIV and AIDS health services, and promote family planning/reproductive, maternal and child health, tuberculosis, and malaria prevention services in Western Kenya. It also aims to work with communities to enhance access to health services for pregnant mothers, comprehensive care for orphans and vulnerable children, and fight HIV-related stigma and discrimination and gender-based violence.

Publication date: 2010

Region: Africa

Part of series: APHIA II Western Newsletter

Commissioned by project Optimize, a collaboration of PATH and the World Health Organization, a study of vaccine vial monitor (VVM) availability and use in developing countries in four regions was undertaken. The study had three aspects: the total proportion of vaccines with VVMs in the regions with detailed information by country, in-depth information on policies and practices, and knowledge and attitudes in a selected sample of countries.

Author: Milstein J

Publication date: August 2010

Region: Global

In an effort to support community interventions and health service utilization, APHIA II Western produces the Community Health Volunteers Update to help reinforce HIV and AIDS, reproductive health, tuberculosis, diarrhea, maternal and child health, and malaria messages passed through community outreach activities and health facilities; stimulate public discussions; reinforce behavior change; and promote use of health services.

Publication date: July 2009

Region: Africa

Part of series: APHIA II Western Community Health Volunteers Update

In an effort to support community interventions and health service utilization, APHIA II Western produces the Community Health Volunteers Update to help reinforce HIV and AIDS, reproductive health, tuberculosis, diarrhea, maternal and child health, and malaria messages passed through community outreach activities and health facilities; stimulate public discussions; reinforce behavior change; and promote use of health services.

Publication date: January 2010

Region: Africa

Part of series: APHIA II Western Community Health Volunteers Update

This comic series is a joint initiative of two PATH projects, Scouting for Solutions and APHIA II Western. The comic book is designed to foster positive attitudes and perspectives that will help youth consider the quality of relationships they make, and make safe sexual choices to prevent HIV and AIDS and early pregnancy, fight gender discrimination and violence, and encourage involvement of parents in the lives of their children.

Publication date: 2010

Region: Africa

Part of series: The Border

This comic series is a joint initiative of two PATH projects, Scouting for Solutions and APHIA II Western. The comic book is designed to foster positive attitudes and perspectives that will help youth consider the quality of relationships they make, and make safe sexual choices to prevent HIV and AIDS and early pregnancy, fight gender discrimination and violence, and encourage involvement of parents in the lives of their children.

Publication date: 2010

Region: Africa

Part of series: The Border

This report is a compilation of abstracts on HIV and infant feeding presented at the XVIII International AIDS Conference in Vienna, Austria. The collection is organized by theme.

Publication date: September 2010

Region: Global

This document focuses on a method for producing descriptions, models, and figures that accurately represent the views and needs of global health professionals. The document can be used by global health practitioners to inform software development related to health systems.

Publication date: September 2010

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to address the health effects of indoor air pollution for the more than one-third of the world's population that uses biomass to cook and heat their homes.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

PATH's Safe Water Project works to catalyze changes within the household water treatment and storage product category, specifically to benefit low-income populations. This matrix portrays a global landscape of technologies both presently existing and under development by numerous researchers and manufacturers.

Publication date: October 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

PATH’s Safe Water Project is exploring the potential for commercial enterprises to reach low-income populations with household water treatment and storage devices. This document describes the household water treatment and storage market and low-income user needs to guide current or potential manufacturers’ decisions about where it is most or least fruitful to try to increase end-user satisfaction.

Publication date: January 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This fact sheet from the Global Health Technologies Coalition examines how research for new global health tools can help achieve the Millennium Development Goals.

Publication date: September 2010

Region: Global

This project Optimize study is a compilation of the literature available on the use of vaccines outside of the cold chain. Most of the studies analyzed in this review focus on hepatitis B, with one exception—a study examining meningococcal C vaccine.

Author: Villadiego S

Publication date: August 2008

Region: Global

As part of project Optimize, a five-year human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine demonstration project is under way in Vietnam, Uganda, India, and Peru to generate evidence for government decision-making about successful vaccine delivery strategies to provide HPV vaccine to young adolescent girls. HPV vaccine is a strong candidate for storage and transport in a controlled temperature chain at temperatures higher than the standard 2° to 8°C cold chain storage.

Publication date: September 2010

Region: Global

As part of project Optimize, a five-year human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine demonstration project is under way in Uganda and three other countries to demonstrate how existing health systems can be adapted to successfully provide HPV vaccine to young adolescent girls. HPV vaccine is a strong candidate for storage and transport in a controlled temperature chain at temperatures higher than the standard 2º to 8ºC cold chain storage.

Author: Robertson J, Mugisha E, Kumakech E, LaMontagne D, Janmohamed A, Kristensen D, Seruyange R, Bamwine J, Ssekito G, Newland S

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is intended to prevent cervical cancer. As part of project Optimize, a two-year HPV vaccine demonstration project is being conducted to demonstrate how existing delivery systems can be adapted to successfully provide HPV vaccine to young adolescent girls. HPV vaccine is a strong candidate for out-of-the-cold-chain use given its characteristics of high heat stability and freeze sensitivity.

Author: Robertson J, Vu H, Le N, et al.

Publication date: July 2010

Region: Global

Findings from the evaluation of the Male Norms Initiative indicate that interventions to promote gender-equitable norms can successfully influence young men’s attitudes toward gender norms and lead to healthier relationships. The study also provides empirical evidence that a community-based intervention focused on combating inequitable and risk-supporting gender norms is associated with reductions in partner violence and improvements in risk outcomes for HIV and sexually transmitted infections.

Author: Pulerwitz J, Widyono M, Mehta M, Shityuwete J, Verani F, Keulder C

Publication date: October 2010

Region: Global

This set of fact sheets details technical activities of PATH's Japanese encephalitis project, with an aim to inform future efforts and programs. The fact sheets were developed as a supplement to PATH's Japanese Encephalitis Project: Collaboration and Commitment to Protect Asia's Children. Topics covered include surveillance of disease burden and disability, cost-effectiveness analysis, diagnostics, advocacy, vaccine development, and vaccine introduction.

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Global

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's work to enhance the capacity of pharmacies to strengthen community health throughout Vietnam. Through trainings and supportive supervision, PATH is working to strengthen a vital source of health information and services in Vietnam.

Publication date: October 2009

Region: Asia

This report shares highlights of PATH's use of flexible funding in 2009, featuring our work to improve nutrition using sweet potatoes in rural Africa, to encourage gender equality and healthy behavior among children in Nicaragua, and to save women’s lives by using oxytocin in the BD Uniject® device in Argentina.

Publication date: September 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Reports to contributors

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on technologies to make the reconstitution of critical vaccines simpler, safer, and more economical. Streamlined reconstitution processes also help reduce medical wastage.

Publication date: September 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

The PATH-Lemos Chagas rapid test has great potential as a highly sensitive diagnostic test for Chagas disease, suitable for use at the point-of-care.  Presented at: AACC 42nd Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 22, 2010; San Jose, CA.

Author: Barfield CA, Barney RS, Crudder CH, et al

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

This poster describes the Smart Electrochlorinator 200 (SE200). The SE200, developed by Cascade Design, Inc. in collaboration with PATH, is a small, community-scale electrochlorination system. Using salt, water, and the resources of a car battery, it creates and dispenses enough chlorine to treat up to 200 liters of water.

Publication date: October 2010

Region: Global

In this document, project Optimize reviews the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) Vaccine Management Business Improvement Project, which represents an end-to-end reengineering of the US public-sector vaccine supply chain—from vaccine budgeting through storage and distribution. The CDC’s overarching goal was to ensure that vaccine was flowing to the right places at the right time.

Author: Wasserman N

Publication date: November 2010

Region: Global

Through PROMDAN, agencies in Thailand and Cambodia responded to the issue of uninformed labor migration. The project aimed to increase access to health services and make labor migration beneficial for migrants and their families. This report documents the development, implementation, and impact of the project.

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Asia

Through PROMDAN, agencies in Thailand and Cambodia responded to the issue of uninformed labor migration. The project aimed to increase access to health services and make labor migration beneficial for migrants and their families. This fact sheet outlines issues and recommendations for stakeholders.

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Asia

This fact sheet summarizes PATH's projects in Vietnam that aimed to reduce childhood illness and death from diarrhea. Efforts included collaborations to update guidelines for health workers, clinical trials of rotavirus vaccines, and household water treatment and storage activities.

Publication date: May 2012

Region: Asia

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

This report reveals the results of formative research conducted to fill gaps in understanding of caregivers’ infant and young child feeding practices, following on the results of the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey. In particular, the study explores factors that influence a mother’s ability to exclusively breastfeed for the first six months of an infant’s life and factors that influence appropriate complementary feeding for children 6–23 months of age.

Publication date: November 2010

Region: Global

Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) assays were designed to detect pol from HIV-1BRU proviral DNA using real-time or immunochromatographic strip detection of RPA amplicons. Presented at: AACC 41st Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 16, 2009; Baltimore, MD.

Author: Boyle DS, Lehman DA, Overbaugh J, et al

Publication date: April 2009

Region: Global

Target specifications for an anemia diagnostic were determined by surveying personnel in nutritional programs, and methods and analytes were derived from a literature review. Presented at: Second International Micronutrient Forum, Bejing, China.

Author: Crudder C, Metzler M, Garrett D, Boyle DS, Levin C

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

PATH has demonstrated the use of CaO for heat and a proprietary engineered phase change material (EPCM) to maintain an assay mixture within a narrow temperature range suitable for isothermal amplification. We are currently working to develop, integrate, and validate components of this NAAT kit. Presented at: AACC 42nd Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 22, 2010; San Jose, CA.

Author: LaBarre P, Beddoe A, Gerlach J, et al

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

A demonstration of the feasibility of loop-mediated isothermal amplification, supported by exothermic chemical reactions as the basis of a new, low-cost, disposable diagnostic platform that can be used for detection of a wide variety of infectious diseases. Presented at: AACC 41st Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 16, 2009; Baltimore, MD.

Author: LaBarre P, Gerlach J, Wilmoth J, Beddoe A, Singleton JL, Weigl BH

Publication date: April 2009

Region: Global

Demonstration of the feasibility of exothermic chemical heating as a component of a new, low-cost, disposable diagnostic platform that can be used for detection of a wide variety of infectious diseases. Presented at: 6th Annual World Health Care Congress, April 12, 2009; Washington, DC.

Author: LaBarre P, Gerlach J, Wilmoth J, Beddoe A, Singleton JL, Weigl BH

Publication date: April 2009

Region: Global

The pro-viral DNA capture card maintains the fundamental value provided by dried blood spots (ease of collection and transport from remote settings) while reducing the costs and time of performing pediatric HIV testing in the laboratory. Presented at: AACC 42nd Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 22, 2010; San Jose, CA.

Author: Stevens DS, Barfield CA, Emery S, Overbaugh J, Gerlach J

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

PATH conducted a detailed cost analysis in Nicaragua to understand the costs of each step required to perform viral load testing, beginning at the patient’s house and continuing to when the viral load testing result is actually communicated back to the patient’s antiretroviral therapy care provider. Using this information, PATH has developed a low-cost technology to extract HIV viral RNA at the point of care and stabilize it, removing the need for cold chain preservation of the specimen. Presented at: AACC 42nd Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 22, 2010; San Jose, CA.

Author: Stevens DS, Beddoe AG, Hubbard L, et al

Publication date: April 2010

Region: Global

A visual chart of the components of molecular diagnostics, using non-instrument and instrumented processing and signal detection. Presented at: PATH, December 1, 2009; Seattle, WA.

Author: Weigl B, LaBarre P

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Global

A visual display charting some diagnostic technologies (e.g., PCR, ELISA, Lumora, TwistDx, and nonintstrumented nucleic acid amplification (NINA) on axes of performance and reach (the ability to function in low-resource areas).  Presented at PATH, January 10, 2010; Seattle, WA.

Author: Weigl B

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

A report on work aimed to determine the main bacterial enteric pathogens causing diarrhea in children treated in emergency rooms in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. Presented at: 6th World Congress of the World Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, November 21, 2009; Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Author: Lima I, Soares AM, Silva-Filho JQ, Weigl BH, Rey LC, Lima A

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

As part of the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2006, this study collected results of Vitamin A deficiency tests from a representative sample of women aged 15–49 and children aged 6–59 months. Presented at: First International Micronutrient Forum, April 16, 2007; Istanbul, Turkey.

Author: Baingana R, Kasozi D, Garrett D, Fort A

Publication date: April 2007

Region: Global

A visual introduction to the potential advantages of microfluidics as a platform for diagnostic tests in low-resource settings.

Author: Barclay AR

Publication date: May 2007

Region: Global

This study assessed the impact of a new sampling device on the performance of a rapid immunochromatographic strip test for chlamydia under development at PATH. The results of endocervical samples collected on flocked swabs were compared to results from those collected with Dacron® swabs. Presented at: 17th Meeting of the International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research (ISSTDR), July 29, 2007; Seattle, WA

Author: Barfield C, Tinajeros F, Revollo R, et al

Publication date: July 2007

Region: Global

This study evaluated the performance of PATH’s rapid diagnostic assay detecting histidine rich protein 2 (HRP-2) antigen when used by local health care providers in a rural field setting in Lao PDR and examined rapid diagnostic assays as a strategy to identify participants for in vivo treatment trials in a rural field site.

Author: Labbé AC, Pillai DR, Hongvangthong B, et al

Publication date: January 1999

Region: Global

A report on appropriate product specifications and the challenges of introducing a point-of-care multiplexed diagnostic platform in low-resource settings in developing countries. Based on the DxBox platform being developed as part of a public-private consortium lead by the University of Washington. Presented at: Molecular Medicine Tri-Conference, March 25, 2008; San Francisco, CA.

Author: de los Santos T, Crudder C, Metzler M, Gerlach J, Steele M, Domingo GJ

Publication date: March 2008

Region: Global

Demonstration of a new 48-well HPV DNA batch test showing analytical sensitivity to 5000 copies of HPV DNA and other test characteristics that may be suitable for use in low-resource settings. Presented at: 22nd International Papillomavirus Conference, April 30, 2005; Vancouver, BC.

Author: Eder P, Nazarenko I, Peck R, Weigl B, Sellors J, Lorincz A

Publication date: May 2005

Region: Global

An overview of a method of sample preparation by smart polymers for detection in an immunoassay, demonstrated as part of a diagnostics test for Chlamydia trachomatis. Presented at: 38th Annual American Association of Clinical Chemistry (AACC) Oakridge Conference, April 21, 2006; San Jose, CA.

Author: Kulkarni S, Peck R, Barfield C, et al

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Global

Summary of a study to estimate the clinical and economic impact of prenatal syphilis screening with the rapid plasma reagin test and the immunochromatographic strip test in low-resource settings. Presented at: International Conference on Global Health: Global Health Council, May 30, 2006; Washington, DC.

Author: Levin C, Steele M, Atherly D

Publication date: May 2006

Region: Global

The development of a rapid and simple immunochromatographic strip test using the L7/L12 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, testing using clinical samples. Presented at: 15th Biennial Congress, International Society of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research, July 27, 2003; Ottawa, Canada.

Author: Matsyshen D, Svanas G, Maynard J, Tam M, Burgess Hay DC

Publication date: July 2003

Region: Global

A report on selecting and testing phase change materials for their ability to maintain a temperature range for duration sufficient to drive a PCR reaction.  Presented at: Microfluidics, BioMEMS, and Medical Microsystems VI, January 22, 2008; San Jose, CA.

Author: Tang D, LaBarre P, Weigl BH, Stayton PS

Publication date: January 2008

Region: Global

A description of a viral RNA extraction and stabilization platform. Presented at: The 5th Annual World Healthcare Innovation and Technology Congress (WHIT v.5.0), November 8, 2009; Alexandria, VA.

Author: Beddoe AG, Hubbard L, Stevens D, et al

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

A pilot clinical study suggests that E6 is an appropriate biomarker for diagnosis of cervical pre-cancer and cancer in a novel oncoprotein-based rapid diagnostic assay for cervical pre-cancer and cancer. Presented at: International Papillomavirus Conference 2009, May 8, 2009; Malmo, Sweden.

Author: Schweizer J, Berard-Bergery M, Bisht A, et al

Publication date: May 2009

Region: Global

A report on the comparison of results from the PATH GC-check rapid test for gonococcal infection to the 16SrRNA PCR test conducted in a laboratory. Presented at: International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research (ISSTDR), July 10, 2005; Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Author: Michel A, Aïna G, Ndour M, et al

Publication date: July 2005

Region: Global

This poster outlines the evaluation of two immunochromatographic strip test platforms for the best limit of detection: one uses an antibody colloidal gold conjugate which is visually interpreted yielding qualitative results, and the other uses an antibody paramagnetic particle conjugate which is read by an instrument yielding quantitative results. The resulting limits of detection of these two methods are compared to the target limit of detection for an E6 assay of ~50 pg. Presented at: 23rd Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Prague, Czech Republic.

Author: Peck R, Weigl BH, Schweizer J, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

Demonstration of the use of a magnetic immunochromatographic strip (ICS) assay with a reader to detect recombinant HPV-16 E6. The magnetic ICS assay was able to detect as little as 2.6ng of protein. Presented at: 38th Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 20, 2006; San Jose, CA.

Author: Peck R, Schweizer J, Weigl B, et al

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Global

A comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of syndromic management for diagnosis of chlamydia to PCR-based reference methods in a large sample of women in Bolivia. Presented at: International Society for STD Research (ISSTDR), July 26, 2007; Seattle, WA.

Author: Steele M, Tinajeros F, Cohen J, et al

Publication date: July 2007

Region: Global

This poster demonstrates the predictive validity of an assay developed by Arbor Vita and PATH. For this study, cervical swab specimens collected from women screened, diagnosed, and managed in rural settings in China were tested for the presence of HPV-16 DNA then examined for HPV16-E6 expression. Results confirmed E6 is a potential diagnostic marker. Presented at: 23rd Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Prague, Czech Republic.

Author: Schweizer J, Somoza C, Mahoney C, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

A prototype of a novel diagnostic assay for cervical pre-cancer and cancer has been developed in both a sandwich ELISA-based and a lateral flow–based format (“strip test”). The test specifically detects presence of high-risk HPV-E6 and therefore promises to be of higher predictive value for cervical pre-cancer and cancer than other assays detecting merely presence of HPV. Presented at: 22rd International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Vancouver, Canada.

Author: Schweizer J, Somoza C, Peck R, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

This poster describes the AV Avantage HPV E6 Test and the results from a small clinical pilot study. The AV Avantage HPV E6 Test uses high affinity mAb for the specific capture and detection of high-risk HPV-E6 oncoproteins in a lateral flow–based format. Presented at: 26th International Papillomavirus Conference, July 3, 2010; Montreal, Canada.

Author: Berard-Bergery M, Bisht A, Ho M, et al

Publication date: July 2010

Region: Global

The Infant and Young Child Nutrition Project prepared this manual for men's group activities being implemented by PATH through the APHIA II Western project. Content for the manual was adapted from several key infant and young child feeding and male-engagement publications.

Publication date: September 2010

Region: Africa

With funding from the Canadian International Development Agency, PATH is working to address the information gap on how to best tailor and scale up proven HIV prevention strategies among at-risk populations through cost-effective interventions in India, Senegal, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

Publication date: April 2014

Region: Global

This issue of Directions in Global Health features a conversation with Chris Elias on the occasion of his ten-year anniversary as PATH’s president and CEO. It also highlights work to pave the way for a total market approach to family planning in Nicaragua and Vietnam, capitalize on the transformation potential of point-of-care tests, address gender’s impact on health, and design better health information systems for developing countries.

Publication date: December 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This document describes how project Optimize is collaborating with the Albanian Institute of Public Health to transform the way immunization data and vaccine stock are managed. The two-year collaboration aims to evaluate the benefits of a supply chain that uses an online immunization registry, remotely connected temperature monitoring devices, and a distribution system organized for optimum efficiency.

Publication date: August 2012

Region: Global

This project Optimize document describes an effort by the World Health Organization, PATH, the Pan American Health Organization, and the Guatemala Ministry of Public Health and Social Services to address challenges related to vaccine introduction. The goal is to develop an information system that will enable the digital recording and transmission of immunization data.

Publication date: November 2010

Region: Global

This document describes how project Optimize is collaborating with the Senegalese Ministry of Health to demonstrate innovations in the supply chain that can help to increase efficiency and improve performance, preparing the country for the introduction of new vaccines in the future.

Publication date: August 2012

Region: Global

This document describes how project Optimize and the Tunisian Ministry of Public Health are collaborating to explore new logistics and supply chain solutions that can optimize the vaccine supply chain.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Africa

This document describes how project Optimize is collaborating with Vietnam’s National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology to demonstrate innovations in the supply chain that can help to meet the demands of an increasingly large and costly portfolio of vaccines.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Asia

Project Optimize—a collaboration between the World Health Organization and PATH—aims to employ technological and scientific advances in the immunization field. This document describes efforts to define ideal specifications for health products and create a flexible and robust vaccine supply chain that can handle an increasingly large and costly portfolio of vaccines.

Publication date: November 2010

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes the model employed by the Meningitis Vaccine Project to develop a safe, affordable, and long-lasting vaccine with the potential to end Group A meningococcal epidemics in Africa, as well as the contributions of many key partners who made the development of MenAfriVac™ such a success story.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Global

This toolkit aims to provide interpersonal communication methods to help key population communities identify and address barriers to putting HIV prevention messages into practice in their own lives and within their own contexts. This toolkit was developed by PATH for nongovernmental and community-based organizations and for government health care providers working with key populations on targeted interventions. The methods can also be adapted for use by organizations working on HIV care, support, and treatment.

Publication date: 2008

Region: Asia

This toolkit aims to help key population communities use Magnet Theatre to reduce their risk of HIV and promote an enabling environment for HIV prevention, care, and treatment. This toolkit was developed by PATH for key population troupes trained in Magnet Theatre to use as a reference for their rehearsals and performances. It is also intended for organizations that provide technical and financial support to Magnet Theatre troupes.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

This toolkit aims to help key population communities mobilize themselves for HIV prevention and to generate information to design HIV prevention interventions and services. This toolkit was developed by PATH for nongovernmental and community-based organizations that intend to implement HIV risk-reduction projects and targeted interventions with key populations.

Publication date: 2007

Region: Asia

This fact sheet describes PATH's activities to increase the coverage and timeliness of hepatitis B birth dose vaccination in Vietnam.

Publication date: February 2014

Region: Asia

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's mission, global presence, areas of focus, partners, funding, and recent awards. It is available in English, French, Russian, and Spanish.

Publication date: November 2012

Region: Global

PATH's Safe Water Project undertook a household research study in Andhra Pradesh, India, interviewing 1,000 respondents about their water sources, perceptions of water quality, definitions of "safe" water, and water treatment behaviors. This publication presents the five consumer personas that were created from the data to exemplify various aspects of water values.

Publication date: December 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

PATH has been a partner in Cambodia's public health efforts since 1995. We are helping to support the reconstruction of the health system—largely destroyed during the 1970s—and build capacity across the public, private, and civil-society sectors. This brochure describes our work in childhood immunization, reproductive and child health, and tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV/AIDS.

Publication date: December 2010

Region: Asia

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's work in Vietnam to control tuberculosis and HIV by enhancing referrals from the private sector to existing public-sector prevention and treatment services, thus improving case detection.

Publication date: September 2012

Region: Asia

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop a rapid, easy-to-read, low-cost test for Chagas disease.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

The Optimize project, a collaboration between PATH and the World Health Organization, commissioned this white paper to examine the issues influencing vaccine producer willingness to advance, adopt, and commercialize value-added technologies for vaccines for low-income and lower-middle-income country markets.

Author: Gilchrist S

Publication date: November 2009

Region: Global

This white paper highlights the value of a comprehensive approach to procurement capacity development in developing countries.

Author: Cohen J, Reeh C, Neroutsos K

Publication date: January 2011

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes PATH's work to improve malaria diagnosis, treatment, and referral practices in the private sector to contain drug-resistant parasites in Cambodia.

Publication date: January 2011

Region: Asia

This fact sheet makes the case for why vaccines are a critical, cost-effective investment for improving global health and saving children's lives.

Publication date: May 2013

Region: Global

This fact sheet describes PATH's partnership with Cambodia's Ministry of Health to conduct sentinel surveillance on Japanese encephalitis and introduce a vaccine in 2009.

Publication date: December 2010

Region: Asia

In July 2010, project Optimize held workshops in Washington, DC, and Seattle, WA, to engage stakeholders from a wide variety of organizations. The workshops discussed developing-country immunization systems and sought participant perspectives on the desired future state of the systems. This document provides a summary of the workshops.

Publication date: July 2010

Region: Global

The Op.ti.mize e-newsletter was a quarterly publication that highlighted advances and innovations in health care logistics, technologies, and policy. Developed by project Optimize, a collaboration between PATH and the World Health Organization, this newsletter provided an overview of Optimize’s activities and areas of focus.

Publication date: 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: E-newsletters

This fact sheet provides an overview of the impact that global and national investment have had in the fight against malaria, with an emphasis on the importance of US support for the President’s Malaria Initiative and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.

Publication date: February 2011

Region: Africa

This report provides an overview of Nicaragua's health system and diagnostic needs. It is supported by individual case studies on Chagas disease, dengue, and malaria in Nicaragua. These studies focus on several factors influencing the health care system in Nicaragua, including recent trends, regional and national control strategies, financing and partnerships, and the unmet clinical needs associated with each illness.

Author: Sequeira M, Espinoza H, Amador JJ, Domingo G, Quintanilla M, de los Santos T

Publication date: February 2011

Region: Latin America

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work, in collaboration with the Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, to evaluate and create a microneedle patch that will allow people to self-administer influenza vaccine.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This market assessment aims to increase the awareness of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies worldwide about the opportunities and potential markets that exist for low-cost and effective vaccines against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). In addition, it provides donors and commercial investors with a better understanding of the potential risks, rewards, and gaps in knowledge relative to these opportunities as they consider their own investment strategies. The resulting analysis demonstrates that ETEC vaccines may represent a moderate opportunity for industry investment with an estimated annual revenue potential of more than US$600 million ten years after global launch.

Publication date: March 2011

Region: Global

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing an innovative project with the goal of enabling commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and storage products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This report shares the findings from user testing conducted for five such products in Andhra Pradesh, India, in 2009.

Publication date: March 2011

Region: Asia

PATH’s Safe Water Project joined a number of partners in an effort to monitor and better understand the increased use of a water-treatment product, WaterGuard, among groups of new mothers in Malawi. The chlorine-based water treatment product was made available to pregnant women at antenatal care clinics as part of a hygiene kit. Uptake and use of the product rose sharply, not only among these women, but also among friends and relatives. PATH conducted qualitative research involving in-depth interviews to better understand why this uptake occurred.

Publication date: March 2011

Region: Africa

This brief summarizes the strategic demand models developed by PATH and the Futures Institute for the injectable contraceptive depo-subQ provera 104™ in the Uniject™ injection system (depo-subQ in Uniject) in Kenya, Malawi, Pakistan, Rwanda, and Senegal. These models will help inform global and country introduction planning for depo-subQ in Uniject.

Publication date: February 2011

Region: Global

This brief describes results from an analysis conducted by PATH comparing the current intramuscular version of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injectable contraceptive compared with a new formulation packaged in the Uniject™ injection system. The analysis focused on waste management implications, identifying key quantitative and qualitative differences between the two products.

Publication date: February 2011

Region: Global

This brief summarizes key findings from a literature review conducted by PATH to identify published and gray literature reporting international experiences with the Uniject™ injection system. The findings shed light on user acceptability and highlight potential cost savings in terms of training time, waste management, and reduction in drug wastage when Uniject is used instead of a standard autodisable syringe. This document synthesizes the experience and evidence on the use of Uniject worldwide with medicines such as the injectable contraceptive Cyclofem®, hepatitis B and tetanus toxoid vaccines, as well as the drug oxytocin, which is used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.

Publication date: February 2011

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on mucosal immunization technologies.

Publication date: September 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This issue of Directions in Global Health features PATH’s work related to vaccines and immunization. Articles cover the development and introduction of a vaccine to eliminate epidemic meningitis in Africa, use of vaccines and other interventions to prevent cervical cancer, transformation of vaccine distribution systems, expansion of access to rotavirus vaccines, and advancements in vaccine technologies.

Publication date: May 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This second annual policy report from the Global Health Technologies Coalition—a group of almost 40 nonprofit organizations working to increase awareness of the urgent need for vaccines, diagnostics, drugs, microbicides, and other products that save lives in the developing world—outlines some of the steps that will help curb unnecessary deaths, extend lives, and secure healthier futures. Serving as a guide for policymakers, the report documents promising policy actions taken over the past year in the areas of US investments in global health and international development, regulatory pathways to ensure the safety and efficacy of health tools, and incentives and innovative financing mechanisms to spur global health product development. This report offers recommendations for how US policymakers can continue to have a lead in improving health worldwide.

Publication date: 2011

Region: North America and Europe

Part of series: GHTC's annual policy reports

This report summarizes the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program implemented in Peru by PATH, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, and Ministerio de Salud de Peru, Estrategia Sanitaria Nacional de Inmunizaciones through the HPV Vaccines: Evidence for Impact project. HPV vaccine was made available to all girls aged nine years or older in grade 5 in selected parts of the country. The purpose of the study was to investigate operational issues related to HPV vaccination of young adolescent girls, aimed at identifying effective and cost-effective strategies. The publication will be useful for policymakers and program managers around the world, and especially in Latin America, who are designing public-sector HPV vaccination programs. To see other reports in this series, visit the RHO Cervical Cancer website.

Publication date: December 2010

Region: Global

Part of series: HPV vaccination project lessons learned reports

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes the gentamicin in Uniject project at PATH.

Publication date: May 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This report shares highlights of PATH's use of flexible funding in 2010, featuring the stories of Nokuthula, an HIV-positive mother in South Africa, and Johana, a   13-year-old schoolgirl in Peru, as well as a pilot project on using mobile technology to manage tuberculosis in Tanzania.

Publication date: May 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Reports to contributors

This report shares the results of a pilot introduction of oxytocin in the Uniject® device for use with active management of the third stage of labor that was conducted at the institutional level in Guatemala in 2009. Results include details on the feasibility of introducing oxytocin in Uniject in this context as well as the acceptability of this technology among health care providers and facility managers. The cost analysis can be found here.

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Latin America

Facilitated by project Optimize and conducted by a multidisciplinary group of partners, these landscape analyses highlight ongoing work related to five priority areas that comprise the vision for immunization supply systems in 2020. The analyses also highlight critical gaps that need to be addressed to achieve the vision. The five priority areas are vaccine and related products, supply system design, environmental impact, information systems, and human resources. The document is available as one large file or as six smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: June 2011

Region: Global

This manual describes techniques for communicating information to illiterate and low-literate audiences. The essence of the materials development process described in this guide is interaction with representatives of the groups for whom the materials are developed. Members of target audiences are the “experts” about the messages that need to be conveyed as well as how best to communicate these messages. This methodology may be applied to develop materials beyond the scope of health and family planning to other issues, such as water and sanitation, agriculture, and nutrition.

Author: Zimmerman M, Newton N, Frumin L, Wittet S

Publication date: 1996

Region: Global

From tracking tuberculosis in Africa to providing better maternal and child health care in India, PATH's work in health information systems is bridging the gap between global health and information and communication technology using a different approach—a user-driven enterprise architecture and technology that addresses user requirements.

Publication date: June 2011

Region: Global

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing innovative methods to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and storage products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This project brief summarizes the findings of PATH's work with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to investigate the effects of an innovative program that promoted a chlorine disinfectant for treatment of water at home to pregnant women seeking antenatal care.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Africa

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This report summarizes the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program implemented in Uganda by PATH, the Uganda National Expanded Program on Immunization of the Ministry of Health, and the Child Health and Development Centre, through the HPV Vaccines: Evidence for Impact project. HPV vaccine was made available to almost 10,000 girls in select parts of the country. The purpose of the study was to investigate operational issues related to HPV vaccination of young adolescent girls, aimed at identifying effective and cost-effective strategies. This report interprets the results and summarizes helpful lessons for policymakers and program managers, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa, looking to shape their own HPV vaccination programs. To see other reports in this series, visit the RHO Cervical Cancer website.

Publication date: January 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: HPV vaccination project lessons learned reports

This document provides answers to frequently asked questions about the Meningitis Vaccine Project, including facts about meningococcal meningitis, the MenAfriVac™ vaccine, and next steps for the project.

Publication date: June 2011

Region: Africa

This report details malaria research and development funding from 2004 to 2009, including how much funding went to each product area, who provided the funding, and how investments flowed from funders to recipients. The report assesses progress against the Global Malaria Action Plan funding goals to identify what is needed in the next decade.

Publication date: June 2011

Region: Global

PATH is working to provide safe water at the community level. The Smart Electrochlorinator 200 (SE200) is a device that allows communities to take ownership of the safety of their drinking water while potentially creating income opportunities for local entrepreneurs. This project brief summarizes PATH's work facilitating the development and implementation of the SE200.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's work to prevent cervical cancer in Vietnam through the piloting of a "screen and treat" model in three provinces.

Publication date: May 2011

Region: Asia

This fact sheet from the Global Health Technologies Coalition explores different incentives and innovative financing mechanisms and their role in global health product development.

Publication date: October 2010

Region: North America and Europe

This fact sheet from the Global Health Technologies Coalition examines how US leadership in global health research helps to saves lives worldwide and provides domestic economic benefits.

Publication date: March 2011

Region: North America and Europe

This Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention fact sheet summarizes evidence published since 2009 on cervical cancer screening approaches for low-resource settings.

Publication date: May 2011

Region: Global

This issue of Outlook reviews the evidence base for microfinance approaches to improve and address women’s health. It begins with background on the microfinance sector and links between microfinance and health. Interventions and approaches focused on family planning, women’s health services utilization and access (including health financing mechanisms), and HIV prevention are discussed. The issue concludes with suggested operational considerations for integration and priorities for future research. Some positive experiences with microfinance and women’s health signify that this area merits increased attention, yet more evidence of impact is needed.

Author: Drake JK

Publication date: August 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This report assesses global readiness to fight cervical cancer using new approaches and new technologies, especially in regions where the disease is a common killer. It underscores the urgent need for the global community to prioritize cervical cancer prevention and control on global health and development agendas.

Publication date: April 2011

Region: Global

This curriculum was designed for trainers of public health workers, community organizers, youth advocates, and teachers. It draws on materials developed by many organizations and represents the culmination of several years of study, program implementation, and evaluation in the area of female genital mutilation (FGM). Its basic premise is that the discontinuation of FGM must be addressed at the community level. Its purpose is to introduce community workers to the concept of “communication for change” and to inspire and transfer skills for community-based approaches to problem-solving. The curriculum was field-tested in Kenya and Somalia. It is available as one large file or as several smaller files for easier downloading.

Publication date: 1998

Region: Africa

This study offers policy analysis of data previously collected on the ability and willingness to pay for family planning in Vietnam. PATH is helping the government of Vietnam to design a total market approach to family planning, which calls for a coordinated response by the full range of family planning service providers to meet a population’s diverse needs.

Author: Winfrey W

Publication date: November 2010

Region: Asia

Innovation for Global Health is the Global Health Technologies Coalition's e-newsletter focusing on the development and delivery of lifesaving health tools to people in need worldwide. The newsletter provides updates on the latest research and policy developments on innovative tools to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases. It includes news from US agencies, Congress, the current administration, and the global health community at large.

Publication date: 2014

Region: North America and Europe

Part of series: E-newsletters

PATH is working to promote human milk banking to improve nutrition for infants who are especially vulnerable, such as those in resource-limited settings who are pre-term, low birthweight, severely malnourished, born to HIV-positive mothers, or orphaned. These briefs provide an overview of why human milk banking is important and how it can be integrated within breastfeeding strategies.

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Africa

This project brief showcases PATH's contributions to tuberculosis (TB) and HIV service integration in Tanzania. This work was made possible through generous funding from the United States Agency for International Development. For a related brief on pediatric TB in Tanzania, see Finding and Treating Tuberculosis in Children.

Publication date: May 2014

Region: Africa

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH’s work in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Our goal is to reduce preventable morbidity and mortality by using innovation and technology to increase access to prevention and care for NCDs in low-resource settings.

Publication date: April 2014

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop and make available a rapid test to detect onchocerciasis, or river blindness.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work, in collaboration with our partners, to design a household water treatment and storage device specifically for the developing-world consumer.

Publication date: August 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop technologies that facilitate electricity-free, instrument-free nucleic acid amplification.

Publication date: November 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH and our partners’ work to provide minimally trained health care providers in developing countries with a tool designed to improve postnatal maternal and newborn care in rural clinic- and home-based settings. The tool, which runs on a mobile device, provides midwives with localized guidance on clinical decisions, patient record management, and instructional support.

Publication date: April 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH’s work to address the problem of vaccines freezing during transport by incorporating a freeze-safe inner vaccine box into vaccine carriers.

Publication date: June 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH and our partners’ work to validate a new web-based cold chain equipment inventory (CCEI) tool, which is a module of the DHIS2 open-source software platform. This tool will provide opportunities for countries to integrate CCEI data into their national health management information systems.

Publication date: April 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH’s work, in collaboration with our partners, to refine a simple test strip for accurate chlorine dosing of water in low-income settings.

Publication date: July 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This commercialization toolkit offers guiding principles, tools, and case studies to demonstrate how PATH has helped partners through the commercialization process for household water treatment and storage products in several developing countries.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Global

Childhood pneumonia and diarrheal disease are the two leading causes of preventable deaths among children under the age of five in Cambodia and around the world. This fact sheet gives an overview of how PATH is working on an integrated approach to the prevention and treatment of these two illnesses in Cambodia.

Publication date: August 2011

Region: Asia

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work on intranasal and pulmonary delivery devices to administer vaccines.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's approach to technologies for oral delivery of vaccines.

Publication date: April 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing innovative methods to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and storage products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This project brief summarizes PATH's product development process, in partnership with Hydrologic, a Cambodian manufacturer, to improve the ceramic water purifier for low- and middle-income families.

Author: Murray M

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Asia

Part of series: Safe water briefs

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing innovative methods to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This project brief summarizes PATH's product development process to design an HWTS device that specifically meets the needs of low- and middle-income families. This brief also describes PATH's efforts to create a set of design guidelines for HWTS devices.

Author: Wittet S

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing innovative methods to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This poster summarizes PATH's product development process to design and commercialize an HWTS device that specifically meets the needs of low- and middle-income families. This poster was presented at the Water and Health: Where Science Meets Policy conference hosted by the University of North Carolina Water Institute in October 2011.

Author: Lennon P, Beddoe A, Zwisler G

Publication date: October 2011

Region: Global

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing innovative methods to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This poster summarizes PATH's market segmentation efforts to understand the various consumer groups for HWTS products in parts of Cambodia and Vietnam. This poster was presented at the Water and Health: Where Science Meets Policy conference hosted by the University of North Carolina Water Institute in October 2011.

Author: Guy M, Elliott T

Publication date: October 2011

Region: Asia

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing innovative methods to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and safe storage products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This poster summarizes the findings of PATH's work with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to investigate the effects of an innovative program that promoted a chlorine disinfectant for treatment of water at home to pregnant women seeking antenatal care. This poster was presented at the Water and Health: Where Science Meets Policy conference hosted by the University of North Carolina Water Institute in October 2011.

Author: Foster J, Wood S

Publication date: October 2011

Region: Africa

Interventions to regulate the temperature of a newborn are critical. They must be simple, easy to use, easy to maintain, culturally appropriate, and effective. This report details PATH’s exploration of newborn thermal care devices and evaluates them for particular health settings. The report includes a product inventory, device evaluation matrices, and recommendations for future development of thermal care devices.

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Global

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work, in collaboration with our partners, to develop a prototype cup to deliver expressed breast milk or formula to infants unable to breastfeed in low-resource countries.

Publication date: May 2012

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

PATH and the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) work together to improve global health around the world. This fact sheet highlights the PATH projects—some with a global reach and some working within specific regions—that are supported by HHS.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Global

This report is a review of the USAID-funded AIDS, Population, and Health Integrated Assistance (APHIA II Western) Project, which operated at the provincial level in Western Kenya from December 2006 to December 2010. The project focused primarily on increasing the use of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis health services, the adoption of healthier behaviors, the promotion of family planning and reproductive health services, and maternal and child health. The report is available as one large file or several smaller files.

Publication date: March 2011

Region: Africa

Facilitated by project Optimize, a World Health Organization and PATH collaboration, this review was conducted in the Western Cape of South Africa whereby the Biovac Institute (a third-party, private-sector company) took over the roles of vaccine procurement, warehouse management, inventory management, and vaccine distribution directly to health centers.

Author: Lydon P

Publication date: October 2011

Region: Africa

PATH conducted a market study in 2008 to identify neonatal resuscitators available in the Southern African Development Community region. These resuscitators are included in this region-specific version of Practical Selection of Neonatal Resuscitators. All resuscitators identified were bag-and-mask designs. Also included are two devices that offer a tube-and-mask design. This guide presents the criteria used during the device evaluation, evaluation results for each device, and suggestions for choosing a resuscitator. The guide is available in two formats: one for booklet-style printing and one for onscreen viewing.

Publication date: June 2010

Region: Africa

Integration of health services—within communities, health organizations, broader health systems, and across sectors—is one way PATH works to improve global health. This overview brochure describes PATH's framework for health services integration, while four case studies provide specific examples of PATH's integration work.

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Global

Health Systems Research Institute, in partnership with project Optimize, a PATH and World Health Organization collaboration, commissioned a study led by the Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, to better understand the vaccine supply chain system in Thailand and the challenges of implementing a streamlined vendor-managed inventory system.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Asia

Part of the Technology Updates series, this fact sheet describes PATH's work to develop, test, and introduce a low-cost balloon tamponade that can be used in low-resource settings to control postpartum hemorrhage.

Publication date: May 2014

Region: Global

Part of series: Technology Updates

This guide introduces a new approach to developing communication strategies at PATH. The SIM process—derived from strategy development, intervention redesign, and monitoring and evaluation—represents a first attempt to systematize three concurrent and interlinked strands of activity in the start-up phase of PATH communication-for-social-change projects. The SIM process is the result of learning from more than a decade of communication programming in the Kenya Country Program, refined and augmented through consultations with communications professionals in other PATH projects worldwide.

Author: Bingham A, Brawley M, Gopinath CY

Publication date: September 2009

Region: Global

Since 2009, PATH has been working with government family planning officials to engage stakeholders and apply evidence to develop a total market plan for family planning in light of funding shortfalls. This case study in Vietnam is intended to highlight lessons learned and recommendations for those considering similar initiatives in other settings. It is a sister document to the Nicaragua case study, Developing Total Market Strategies for Family Planning in Nicaragua.

Author: Drake JK

Publication date: 2011

Region: Asia

This curriculum is designed for training tuberculosis (TB) control professionals and civil-society activists at national and local levels who are involved in advocacy, communication, and social mobilization (ACSM) efforts. It is designed to provide country-level staff with the specific knowledge and skills to plan, implement, and evaluate effective ACSM interventions linked to specific TB control objectives. The document consists of four files: the curriculum itself, plus annexes for trainer's guides, handouts, and work sheets.

Publication date: August 2011

Region: Global

This report, commissioned by the Washington Global Health Alliance, identifies the global impact of 59 global health organizations in the state of Washington. Highlights from the report include the number of partnerships, number of projects, and number of employees in the global health sector. The report includes detailed graphics and project examples from many of the organizations.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: North America and Europe

This report, commissioned by the Washington Global Health Alliance, contains findings from interviews about entering and participating in global health. It includes two case studies of businesses entering global health. The report concludes with recommendations for supporting collaboration and growing the global health sector.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: North America and Europe

This four-page folio from the Washington Global Health Alliance and the City of Seattle's Office of Economic Development is directed toward businesses interested in developing global health technologies or supporting technologies. It contains case examples and factors for consideration.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: North America and Europe

This brochure outlines PATH's work to help Kenya's health care sector improve services and strengthen community networks while empowering Kenyans to adopt healthier lifestyles. PATH offers novel approaches and technical expertise to address a range of health challenges, and we manage projects that reach millions of Kenyans.

Publication date: November 2011

Region: Africa

This brochure outlines PATH's work to improve health in South Africa by bringing effective interventions to the people who need them most. Our interventions make birth safer, enhance infant and young child health, combat HIV/AIDS, strengthen health systems, and support improved sanitation.

Publication date: October 2011

Region: Africa

This study was an external analysis of the viability of supporting oxytocin in the Uniject™ injection system as a niche product in both the public and private sectors globally. A major component of this analysis was to conduct separate market analyses of 30 countries identified by the US Agency for International Development as priority countries for maternal health interventions.

Publication date: June 2011

Region: Global

This guide is based on widely used global training curricula for pharmacy staff developed and tested by PATH. The guide is intended for distribution to the tuberculosis trainers in Cambodia's municipal health departments, provincial health departments, and operational districts as well as the Pharmacy Association of Cambodia who have attended a trainer of trainers' course. The full guide contains two complete sections: one in Khmer and one in English. It is also available divided into each language.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Asia

Globally, the leading cause of maternal death is postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). In the absence of a skilled birth attendant, the World Health Organization recommends that a uterotonic drug, preferably oxytocin, be given to prevent PPH. This fact sheet describes how oxytocin in the Uniject™ injection system is one of the tools that programs in Latin America can use to expand access to oxytocin for prevention and treatment of PPH.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Latin America

This report details a study of willingness to pay for oxytocin in the Uniject™ injection system among private midwives in Indonesia. The study also helped to reveal the preferred brands and use of oxytocin, assess the perception of oxytocin in Uniject™ with or without a time-temperature indicator, and identify possible challenges and barriers to market introduction and adoption of oxytocin in Uniject™ in Indonesia.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Asia

The purpose of this cost analysis study conducted at six health facilites was to determine the costs of replacing the existing delivery method with oxytocin in Uniject® for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. This study complements a larger study on acceptability and feasibility, Pilot Introduction of Oxytocin in Uniject® During Active Management of the Third Stage of Labor (AMTSL) at the Institutional Level in Guatemala.

Publication date: March 2010

Region: Latin America

This document summarizes all major pending and completed research that has been conducted with oxytocin in the Uniject™ injection system between 1998 and 2011.

Publication date: November 2011

Region: Global

This report describes lessons learned and recommendations from regional advocacy, communication, and social mobilization (ACSM) workshops for Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria recipient countries. The report describes the follow-on ACSM activities and outputs that have been generated at the country level as a result of participation in the workshops and makes recommendations for next steps in the development of effective ACSM interventions to support tuberculosis control goals and objectives.

Publication date: February 2009

Region: Global

PATH’s Safe Water Project is implementing innovative methods to enable commercial enterprises to produce, distribute, sell, and maintain effective household water treatment and storage products for low-income populations in multiple developing countries around the world. This technical brief summarizes the monitoring and evaluation framework that was used to analyze the success of various market-based approaches that PATH tested in India, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Kenya.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: November 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This briefing paper details PATH's partnership with officials and health leaders in Vietnam to develop and distribute new clinical guidelines on the prevention and treatment of diarrhea. The document also summarizes PATH's pilot project to roll out and evaluate the new guidelines.

Publication date: November 2011

Region: Asia

Part of series: Diarrheal disease fact sheets

This report is part of the Cervical Cancer Prevention: Practical Experience Series on the RHO Cervical Cancer website. It aims to help decision-makers and program planners focus on key “big picture” questions about cervical cancer prioritization and on opportunities and challenges for improved cancer prevention, including vaccination of girls and precancer screening and treatment of adult women.

Publication date: 2011

Region: Global

This issue of Directions in Global Health features PATH’s work to address noncommunicable diseases, such as diabetes and cancer. It also covers efforts to improve health in Kenya, build global and country capacity for influenza control, improve gender equity in China, and integrate health services for better outcomes.

Publication date: December 2011

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This brochure outlines PATH's work in Ethiopia to improve health. We work side by side with Ministry of Health officials, nongovernmental organizations, multilateral agencies, and other development-sector partners to mobilize partners, resources, and communities to reach the most vulnerable. Our alliances and relationships across every level of Ethiopia's health system allow us to strengthen health care services, build stronger health infrastructure, and reach families and communities with lifesaving interventions.

Publication date: October 2013

Region: Africa

This publication details PATH's pilot project to support distribution of effective household water treatment and safe storage products for low-income populations via local health workers. The pilot took place in two districts in Can Tho, Vietnam.

Publication date: November 2011

Region: Asia

This document outlines a landscape policy analysis that identified challenges and opportunities for prioritizing diarrheal disease in Malawi.

Publication date: November 2011

Region: Africa

Co-authored by Action Against Hunger, Action for Global Health, End Water Poverty, PATH, Tearfund, and WaterAid, this report highlights examples across 17 countries of how bringing different development approaches together—or integration—is working to help tackle poverty and disease, and calls on the international community, including donor and developing-country governments, to prioritize and invest in these joined-up programs.

Publication date: September 2011

Region: Global

This publication details PATH's projects to improve household water treatment and storage in Vietnam, including findings and lessons learned from research and demonstration projects.

Author: Robertson J

Publication date: October 2011

Region: Asia

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This brochure describes PATH's work in Tanzania, including how we improve services for tuberculosis and HIV, protect communities from malaria, expand cervical cancer options for women, and address other pressing health issues.

Publication date: December 2011

Region: Africa

This fact sheet provides an overview of PATH's work in Zambia, including our work to support data-driven malaria control measures, improve child health and nutrition, prevent HIV infection, and create better information management systems.

Publication date: December 2011

Region: Africa

This fact sheet provides an overview of rotavirus disease and vaccines in Haiti. It includes information about the tremendous burden of rotavirus diarrhea in Haitian children, rotavirus diarrhea treatment and prevention strategies, and the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines. It also lists countries that have introduced rotavirus vaccines into their national immunization programs.

Publication date: April 2013

Region: Latin America

Part of series: Rotavirus disease and vaccines fact sheets

Many health facilities in remote areas operate without grid electricity, have unreliable electricity, or find that using electricity is too costly. In these settings, solar energy is a promising solution for powering the storage and transportation of vaccines and heat‐sensitive drugs at controlled temperatures. Project Optimize, a collaboration between the World Health Organization and PATH, has been working with public and private partners on several solar technologies tailored to the following local electrical power conditions: unavailable or unreliable power, intermittent power, and reliable power.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

Project Optimize, a collaboration between the World Health Organization and PATH, aims to provide national immunization programs with recommendations to build integrated health supply systems, including strategic linkages with the parastatal and private sector. Ultimately, integration will allow public health programs to reduce uncertainties and risks, achieve economies of scale, shorten delivery lead times, improve procurement, provide better incentives for health workers, and improve quality of service to clients.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

This fact sheet outlines the different approaches that project Optimize, a World Health Organization and PATH collaboration, is testing to demonstrate that a consumption‐based system that uses service-delivery-level data can have a beneficial impact on inventory management, stock levels, and vaccine wastage.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

In collaboration with the Albanian Ministry of Health, project Optimize has installed a short message service–based system that monitors and logs temperature conditions in peripheral cold chain equipment. The team aims to assess the benefits of remote alarm systems over nonconnected temperature loggers.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

Project Optimize, a World Health Organization and PATH collaboration, is working to enable immunization programs to take advantage of the true stability of vaccines by labeling them for use at ambient temperatures in a controlled temperature chain for limited periods of time as appropriate to the stability of the antigen.

Publication date: July 2012

Region: Global

Vaccine vial monitors (VVMs) are small stickers that adhere to vaccine vials and change color as the vaccine is exposed to heat, letting health workers know whether the vaccine can be safely used for immunization. This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked questions regarding VVMs.

Publication date: January 2011

Region: Global

Between March and December 2010 this project Optimize study assessed the marginal managerial advantages of using a global system for mobile communications/short message service messaging to transmit the temperature data in 24 health centers of the district of Shkodra, Albania.

Publication date: July 2011

Region: Global

The study highlighted in this project Optimize report uses a breakeven cost analysis to compare potential prices, wastage rates, and cold chain requirements for various human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine presentations.

Publication date: August 2010

Region: Global

The objective of this project Optimize assessment was to understand the structure, scope, and quality of the vaccine supply chain for fee-based immunization services and to provide recommendations for strengthening management and monitoring the quality of the vaccine supply chain for fee-based immunization.

Publication date: April 2011

Region: Asia

The purpose of this project Optimize survey was to obtain input from stakeholders within the Expanded Programme on Immunization in Vietnam about issues and perceptions related to the storage, distribution, and delivery of the current and potential options for human papillomavirus vaccine presentation and packaging.

Publication date: December 2009

Region: Asia

PATH led the implementation and evaluation of a merit-based educational program aimed at changing inequitable gender norms among Kenyan boy and girl scouts in Coast Province in order to decrease the risk of HIV infection and gender-based violence among participants.

Publication date: January 2012

Region: Africa

Disposable-syringe jet injectors have the potential to deliver vaccines safely and affordably. However, there are complex cost considerations that must be taken into account with any new technology. This article, published in Vaccine, estimates the incremental costs of transitioning from needles and syringes to delivering childhood vaccines with disposable-syringe jet injectors in Brazil, India, and South Africa.

Author: Griffiths UK, Santos AC, Nundy N, Jacoby E, Matthias D

Publication date: October 2010

Region: Global

The HIV/AIDS pandemic has compelled the fields of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and HIV/AIDS to better leverage their strengths. This report outlines the feasibility of convergence through an examination of the potential opportunities and existing barriers to different types of linkages between SRH and HIV services in India.