The purpose of this document is to provide an update on the "Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in the Context of HIV/AIDS in Rwanda" study conducted by UNICEF and partners in Rwanda in 2005. The document discusses the results of the Rwanda study in light of more recent research and program findings and includes the new WHO guidelines on HIV and infant feeding, which were published in October 2006. The study was published in French as "Evaluation des pratiques d'alimentation des nourrissons et des jeunes enfants dans le contexte du VIH/SIDA au Rwanda."

Author: Thiaru L

Publication date: 2007

Region: Africa

This issue of Directions in Global Health features five PATH projects: preparing for an avian influenza outbreak in Ukraine and Georgia; improving nevirapine packaging for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission; preventing postpartum hemorrhage through the POPPHI initiative; increasing access to safe abortion in Nepal; and supportive supervision of immunization programs in Vietnam.

Author: PATH

Publication date: December 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This study by PATH's Japanese encephalitis (JE) project evaluated whether measles vaccine and the live, attenuated JE vaccine can be safely co-administered with no effect on the immunogenicity of either.

Author: Gatchalian S, Jacobson J, Kelly K, Sutee Y, Yaïch M, Yao Y, Zhang L, Zhou B

Publication date: December 2006

Region: Asia

This edition of PATH Today features the article "Focusing on pneumonia" and updates on the Cambodia milestone in immunization coverage, new IRA rollover options for donors, Global Impact, and a profile on PATH donor Brandon Schaefer.

Publication date: December 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: PATH Today

This poster summarizes PATH’s recent activities as part of a consortium lead by the University of Washington to develop the DxBox, a system comprising a portable instrument and low-cost disposable cards. The prototype is being developed to diagnose typhoid fever, dengue fever, rickettsial diseases, malaria, measles, and influenza. PATH’s contributions are immunoassay development, field studies, and user needs assessment. Presented at The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH), November 12, 2006; Atlanta, GA.

Author: Gerlach JL, Singhal MC, Watts K, et al

Publication date: November 2006

Region: Global

This document provides a summary of the pilot introduction project in Kenya to provide nevirapine syrup to mothers prior to delivery to assist with the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Publication date: October 2006

Region: Global

This poster demonstrates the predictive validity of an assay developed by Arbor Vita and PATH. For this study, cervical swab specimens collected from women screened, diagnosed, and managed in rural settings in China were tested for the presence of HPV-16 DNA then examined for HPV16-E6 expression. Results confirmed E6 is a potential diagnostic marker. Presented at: 23rd Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Prague, Czech Republic.

Author: Schweizer J, Somoza C, Mahoney C, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

This poster outlines the evaluation of two immunochromatographic strip test platforms for the best limit of detection: one uses an antibody colloidal gold conjugate which is visually interpreted yielding qualitative results, and the other uses an antibody paramagnetic particle conjugate which is read by an instrument yielding quantitative results. The resulting limits of detection of these two methods are compared to the target limit of detection for an E6 assay of ~50 pg. Presented at: 23rd Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Prague, Czech Republic.

Author: Peck R, Weigl BH, Schweizer J, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

A prototype of a novel diagnostic assay for cervical pre-cancer and cancer has been developed in both a sandwich ELISA-based and a lateral flow–based format (“strip test”). The test specifically detects presence of high-risk HPV-E6 and therefore promises to be of higher predictive value for cervical pre-cancer and cancer than other assays detecting merely presence of HPV. Presented at: 22rd International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Vancouver, Canada.

Author: Schweizer J, Somoza C, Peck R, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: PATH Today

This issue of Directions in Global Health features five PATH projects: our collaboration with the World Health Organization on the Meningitis Vaccine Project; prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in Ukraine; a small grants program that is catalyzing behavior change in Africa; the Inter-Act project, which is training truck drivers to slow the HIV epidemic in India; and an evaluation of neonatal resuscitators.

Author: PATH

Publication date: August 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

This issue of Outlook focuses on using behavior change communication (BCC) to encourage healthy individual and societal behaviors related to sexual and reproductive health. It also addresses the challenges and importance of monitoring and evaluating BCC programs.

Author: Shane B

Publication date: August 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

Scientists have been working for decades to develop a preventive malaria vaccine. While they have successfully demonstrated that such a vaccine is possible, many challenges continue to impede progress on the road to an effective malaria vaccine. As a result, the Malaria Vaccine Advisory Committee to the World Health Organization (WHO), coordinated by the WHO Initiative for Vaccine Research, called for a collective effort to explore and address the challenges. This effort resulted in the Malaria Vaccine Technology Roadmap process.

Publication date: August 2006

Region: Global

This training aid was developed as part of Training Health Workers in the Management of Sharps Waste. The aid includes a graphical representation of the equipment needed to help protect waste handlers and incinerators during the collection, treatment, and final disposal of health care waste.

Publication date: July 2006

Region: Global

This document presents an analysis of safer sharps-waste management activities, including practical options using available or emerging technologies. The analysis includes an estimate of the baseline burden of disease from unsafe injection practices, the proposed solutions' potential impact on burden of disease, and a cost-effectiveness analysis of the proposed solutions.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Global

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes the work of the Nairobi Urban Health and Poverty Partnership to address the poor health outcomes associated with rapid urbanization and the related inaccessibility of adequate basic services.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This fact sheet describes PATH's work in behavioral change communication as part of AMKENI, a program of integrated family planning, reproductive health, and child survival services.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This fact sheet describes PATH's work on APHIA projects, focusing on HIV and AIDS service delivery, as well as broader reproductive health issues.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This fact sheet describes PATH's behavior change communication work as part of the IMPACT project in Kenya.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa

This is one of a series of fact sheets that describe PATH's current and past work in Kenya. The fact sheets focus on specific projects as well as unique approaches that cut across projects. This fact sheet describes the work of the Western Kenya Cervical Cancer Prevention Project.

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Africa