This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. This paper explores issues that could be included in a future research agenda to enhance drug development for HIV/AIDS, including the optimal time to begin antiretroviral therapy, appropriate dosing of antiretrovirals, possible implications of HIV on advanced aging, and an exploration of recent challenges in drug development.

Author: Becker S

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This two-page success story profiles a volunteer health worker who learned about the benefits of good breastfeeding practices during an Infant and Young Child Nutrition Project training workshop in rural Lesotho. The story highlights the project’s work to improve nutrition for infants and young children in developing countries by training community volunteers who counsel mothers on optimal nutrition practices.

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. This paper explores the scientific feasibility of finding a cure for HIV/AIDS, and charts opportunities for areas where scientific progress is both possible and likely.

Author: Deeks S

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. In line with thinking about the future development of new tools for diagnosis of HIV infection, this paper presents an analysis of issues related to diagnostic tests for HIV case management and explores four possible scenarios in which these tests could be performed.

Author: Gerlach J, Boyle D, Domingo G, Weigl B, Free M

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

In 2006, the Global Campaign for Microbicides embarked on an exercise to map the standards of care and prevention provided to participants in late-stage microbicide trials. The resulting report provides an independent assessment of the health care and prevention services provided to women in the trials (and to some extent, their partners, family, and surrounding community), explores the factors that inform care-related decisions at trial sites, and offers recommendations to strengthen the HIV prevention research field’s ability to respond to care-related challenges in the future.

Author: Heise L, Shapiro K, West Slevin K

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

The 25^th anniversary issue of Outlook, made possible by support from UNFPA, presents innovative, evidence-based strategies and approaches for addressing unmet need for family planning in developing countries. The issue also reviews the link between family planning and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), including improving maternal and child health, promoting gender equality, and combating HIV/AIDS. Addressing unmet need can help tackle some of the most intractable health and development challenges facing the world today.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Outlook

This paper was commissioned for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. This paper discusses mechanisms that promote innovation in early stage discovery science for HIV and, in particular, those that target existing gaps in research.

Author: International AIDS Vaccine Initiative

Publication date: November 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

In an effort to support community interventions and health service utilization, APHIA II Western produces the Community Health Volunteers Update to help reinforce HIV and AIDS, reproductive health, tuberculosis, diarrhea, maternal and child health, and malaria messages passed through community outreach activities and health facilities; stimulate public discussions; reinforce behavior change; and promote use of health services.

Publication date: October 2008

Region: Africa

Part of series: APHIA II Western Community Health Volunteers Update

This paper was commissioned as an introductory landscape analysis for the aids2031 Science and Technology Working Group as part of a series of working papers under the aids2031 initiative. The paper builds on other recent landscape analysis work in the fields of HIV prevention technologies, therapeutics, and diagnostics and is intended to serve as a resource on the current status of research and development for biomedical and other technological interventions to prevent, treat, and diagnose HIV/AIDS.

Author: Alcorn K

Publication date: October 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: aids2031 working papers

This document provides important details on technical aspects of the Ultra Rice® technology.

Publication date: October 2008

Region: Global

In 2006, UNICEF, the Peruvian Ministry of Health, and PATH performed an evaluation in Peru to assess perceptions of acceptability and safety of automatic retractable syringes in an immunization setting and their affect on waste disposal. The evaluation showed that retractable syringes were seen as a reliable, easy-to-use, preferred alternative to standard disposables in the campaign setting. The evaluation also found that retractable syringes have the potential to improve the safe management of sharps waste.

Publication date: October 2008

Region: Global

This overview has been developed for program planners considering introduction and/or expansion of the use of oxytocin, and in particular oxytocin packaged in the Uniject™ device, to reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage as a component of their maternal and child health programming. Administering oxytocin is just one component of active management of third stage labor.

Publication date: September 2008

Region: Global

This issue of PATH Today features our Sure Start project, new study results on the Ultra Rice technology, and brief updates on PATH's Woman's Condom, the Washington Global Health Alliance, and more. The issue also includes a profile on PATH donor Jay Ingram.

Publication date: September 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: PATH Today

Questions about new interventions believed to improve neonatal survival have been added to the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in five Asian countries: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, and the Philippines. This document explores associations between these interventions and neonatal mortality and discusses implications for future research.

Author: Fort A, Kothari M, Abderrahim N

Publication date: August 2008

Region: Asia

This special issue of Directions in Global Health describes PATH's work on HIV/AIDS. Featured projects focus on implementing interactive communication techniques that promote healthier behaviors, strengthening health systems to address the dual epidemics of HIV and tuberculosis, protecting youth against HIV, challenging gender norms to reduce the spread of HIV, and advancing innovative technologies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS.

Publication date: August 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

Strengthening health systems is a core component of PATH’s overall mission to improve the health of people around the world. We pursue deliberate and measurable outcomes related to service management, policy, financing, supply systems, human resources, and information and monitoring systems. This document describes PATH’s experience in strengthening health systems.

Publication date: August 2008

Region: Global

This project Optimize study is a compilation of the literature available on the use of vaccines outside of the cold chain. Most of the studies analyzed in this review focus on hepatitis B, with one exception—a study examining meningococcal C vaccine.

Author: Villadiego S

Publication date: August 2008

Region: Global

This is part of a series of project briefs discussing the activities, research findings, and field experiences of PATH’s Safe Water Project. The briefs are available in two formats: one for onscreen viewing and one for booklet-style printing.

Author: Kols A

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Global

Part of series: Safe water briefs

This project Optimize landscape analysis identifies trends in the availability of vaccines and novel vaccine delivery technologies that are and will be of relevance to low- and middle-income countries from present through 2025. The document is available as one large file or as three smaller sections for easier downloading.

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Global

This poster was prepared for the XVII International AIDS Conference in Mexico.

Publication date: July 2008

Region: Eastern Europe