This poster summarizes PATH’s recent activities as part of a consortium lead by the University of Washington to develop the DxBox, a system comprising a portable instrument and low-cost disposable cards. The prototype is being developed to diagnose typhoid fever, dengue fever, rickettsial diseases, malaria, measles, and influenza. PATH’s contributions are immunoassay development, field studies, and user needs assessment. Presented at The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH), November 12, 2006; Atlanta, GA.

Author: Gerlach JL, Singhal MC, Watts K, et al

Publication date: November 2006

Region: Global

This poster demonstrates the predictive validity of an assay developed by Arbor Vita and PATH. For this study, cervical swab specimens collected from women screened, diagnosed, and managed in rural settings in China were tested for the presence of HPV-16 DNA then examined for HPV16-E6 expression. Results confirmed E6 is a potential diagnostic marker. Presented at: 23rd Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Prague, Czech Republic.

Author: Schweizer J, Somoza C, Mahoney C, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

This poster outlines the evaluation of two immunochromatographic strip test platforms for the best limit of detection: one uses an antibody colloidal gold conjugate which is visually interpreted yielding qualitative results, and the other uses an antibody paramagnetic particle conjugate which is read by an instrument yielding quantitative results. The resulting limits of detection of these two methods are compared to the target limit of detection for an E6 assay of ~50 pg. Presented at: 23rd Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Prague, Czech Republic.

Author: Peck R, Weigl BH, Schweizer J, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

A prototype of a novel diagnostic assay for cervical pre-cancer and cancer has been developed in both a sandwich ELISA-based and a lateral flow–based format (“strip test”). The test specifically detects presence of high-risk HPV-E6 and therefore promises to be of higher predictive value for cervical pre-cancer and cancer than other assays detecting merely presence of HPV. Presented at: 22rd International Papillomavirus Conference and Clinical Workshop, September 1, 2006; Vancouver, Canada.

Author: Schweizer J, Somoza C, Peck R, et al

Publication date: September 2006

Region: Global

We describe the functional elements of a diagnostic instrument and disposable enteric card system under development that rapidly identifies and differentiates Shigella, E. coli, Campylobacter, and Salmonella in stool samples. These elements, currently realized as microfluidic subcircuits on individual cards, are: (1) pathogen capture and lysing, (2) nucleic acid capture, (3) on-chip rapid PCR, and (4) lateral flow detection of amplicons. Presented at the Solid State Sensor, Actuator and Microsystems Workshop, June 4, 2006; Hilton Head Island, SC.

Author: Weigl BH, Gerdes JC, Tarr P, et al

Publication date: June 2006

Region: Global

Summary of a study to estimate the clinical and economic impact of prenatal syphilis screening with the rapid plasma reagin test and the immunochromatographic strip test in low-resource settings. Presented at: International Conference on Global Health: Global Health Council, May 30, 2006; Washington, DC.

Author: Levin C, Steele M, Atherly D

Publication date: May 2006

Region: Global

This poster reports progress incorporating magnetic beads within a unique lab card that permits efficient capture and enrichment of E. coli O157:H7 from feces. Presented at the 106th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, May 21, 2006; Orlando, FL.

Author: Gerdes JC, Weigl BH, Yager P

Publication date: May 2006

Region: Global

This edition of PATH Today features the articles "A laboratory on a card," "Using microfluidic tests to identify infection," and "Common proteins for common prevention," which highlights the work of John Boslego and his team on pneumococcus. It also includes a letter from donor Shannon Scopa about her family's ordeal with rotavirus.

Publication date: May 2006

Region: Global

Part of series: PATH Today

An exploration of one technique for drying reagents onto a microfluidics card. Reagents needed for immunocapture, lysis, and PCR for pathogen capture can be stored in trehalose or trehalose dextran. Presented at the 1st Distributed Diagnosis and Home Healthcare Conference, April 2, 2006; Arlington, VA.

Author: Ramachandran S, Weigl BH, Gerdes JC, et al

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Global

Demonstration of the PATH enteric flow-through assay as a rapid and cost effective method for detecting pathogenic bacteria in stool samples in low-resource settings. Presented at the American Association for Clinical Chemistry Oak Ridge Annual Conference, April 17, 2006; San Jose, CA.

Author: Dillman L, Fichtenholtz A, Weigl B

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Global

An overview of a method of sample preparation by smart polymers for detection in an immunoassay, demonstrated as part of a diagnostics test for Chlamydia trachomatis. Presented at: 38th Annual American Association of Clinical Chemistry (AACC) Oakridge Conference, April 21, 2006; San Jose, CA.

Author: Kulkarni S, Peck R, Barfield C, et al

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Global

Demonstration of the use of a magnetic immunochromatographic strip (ICS) assay with a reader to detect recombinant HPV-16 E6. The magnetic ICS assay was able to detect as little as 2.6ng of protein. Presented at: 38th Annual Oak Ridge Conference, April 20, 2006; San Jose, CA.

Author: Peck R, Schweizer J, Weigl B, et al

Publication date: April 2006

Region: Global

This document provides evidence from a study in Zimbabwe that demonstrates the correspondence between serum retinol and retionol-binding protein in estimating the prevalence of and screening for vitamin A deficiency.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

This document summarizes available evidence for the validation and establishment of a rapid, field-based tool for the assessment of vitamin A deficiency using the retinol-binding protein immunoassay (RBP-EIA) test.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Global

This document assesses the correspondence between retinol and retinol-binding protein (RBP), as well as the stability of RBP subjected to varying temperature conditions over time, the effect of light, and the feasibility of using dried blood spots. The assessment is part of a larger project examining the use of the RBP enzyme immunoassay (RBP-EIA) to test for vitamin A deficiency.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

This document shares data from Guinea-Bissau that provide validation of the retinol-binding protein enzyme immunoassay (RBP-EIA) test from serum samples, while also providing initial data on the feasibility of using dried blood samples as a specimen type for the assessment of vitamin A deficiency in the field.

Publication date: 2006

Region: Africa

The December 2005 issue of Directions in Global Health features five projects: PATH's Japanese encephalitis project, our collaboration with WHO on gender-based violence, a "lab-on-a-card" technology for detecting enteric disease, new HPV DNA tests for detecting cervical cancer, and an innovative behavior-change project that is helping prevent HIV in Eritrea.

Author: PATH

Publication date: December 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

The August 2005 issue of Directions in Global Health features five PATH projects: our work with in- and out-of-school youth as part of the African Youth Alliance, a new test for vitamin A deficiency, HIV prevention among vulnerable groups in Georgia, cost analysis of rapid syphilis tests, and home-based care of people living with AIDS in South Africa.

Author: PATH

Publication date: August 2005

Region: Global

Part of series: Directions in Global Health

A report on the comparison of results from the PATH GC-check rapid test for gonococcal infection to the 16SrRNA PCR test conducted in a laboratory. Presented at: International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research (ISSTDR), July 10, 2005; Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Author: Michel A, Aïna G, Ndour M, et al

Publication date: July 2005

Region: Global

Historical profile on the PATH development and advancement of the HIV dipstick.

Publication date: June 2005

Region: North America and Europe